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首页> 外文期刊>Sao Paulo Medical Journal >The bicuspid aortic valve and related disorders
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The bicuspid aortic valve and related disorders

机译：二尖瓣主动脉瓣及相关疾病

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Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital cardiac malformation, affecting 1-2% of the population, with strong male predominance. Individuals may have a normally functioning BAV, and may be unaware of its presence and the potential risk of complications. However, they may easily develop aortic valve disorders: either stenotic or regurgitant, or both. Today, BAV is recognized as a syndrome incorporating aortic valve disorders and aortic wall abnormalities, including aortic dilation, dissection or rupture. Congenital or hereditary diseases such as ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, coarctation of the aorta, Turner's syndrome, Marfan's syndrome etc., may frequently be associated with BAV. Infective endocarditis and occasionally thrombus formation may develop during the lives of BAV patients. Elevated cholesterol or C-reactive protein may be seen in laboratory findings of these patients. Beta-blockers and statins are the possibilities for medical treatment, and aortic valve repair/replacement and ascending aorta replacement are indicated for patients with a severely diseased aortic valve and aorta. Rigorous follow-up throughout life is mandatory after BAV has been diagnosed. The aim of the present article was to describe the implications of BAV and its associated disorders, and to discuss diagnostic and treatment strategies.
机译：双尖瓣主动脉瓣（BAV）是最常见的先天性心脏畸形，影响1-2％的人口，男性占主导地位。个体可能具有正常运行的BAV，并且可能不知道其存在和潜在的并发症风险。但是，它们可能容易发展为主动脉瓣疾病：狭窄或返流或两者兼有。如今，BAV被认为是一种综合症，包括主动脉瓣疾病和主动脉壁异常，包括主动脉扩张，解剖或破裂。先天性或遗传性疾病，例如室间隔缺损，动脉导管未闭，主动脉缩窄，特纳氏综合症，马凡氏综合症等，可能经常与BAV相关。在BAV患者的生活中，可能会发生感染性心内膜炎，有时还会形成血栓。这些患者的实验室检查结果可能发现胆固醇或C反应蛋白升高。 β-受体阻滞剂和他汀类药物是可能的药物治疗方法，主动脉瓣膜和主动脉严重病变的患者需要进行主动脉瓣修复/置换和升主动脉置换。诊断出BAV后，必须对生命进行严格的随访。本文的目的是描述BAV及其相关疾病的含义，并讨论诊断和治疗策略。

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