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Intraoperative visualization of the tumor microenvironment and quantification of extracellular vesicles by label-free nonlinear imaging

机译：术中肿瘤微环境的可视化和无标记非线性成像定量细胞外囊泡

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Characterization of the tumor microenvironment, including extracellular vesicles (EVs), is important for understanding cancer progression. EV studies have traditionally been performed on dissociated cells, lacking spatial information. Since the distribution of EVs in the tumor microenvironment is associated with cellular function, there is a strong need for visualizing EVs in freshly resected tissues. We intraoperatively imaged untreated human breast tissues using a custom nonlinear imaging system. Label-free optical contrasts of the tissue, correlated with histological findings, enabled point-of-procedure characterization of the tumor microenvironment. EV densities from 29 patients with breast cancer were found to increase with higher histologic grade and shorter tumor-to-margin distance and were significantly higher than those from 7 cancer-free patients undergoing breast reduction surgery. Acquisition and interpretation of these intraoperative images not only provide real-time visualization of the tumor microenvironment but also offer the potential to use EVs as a label-free biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
机译：包括细胞外囊泡（EVs）在内的肿瘤微环境的表征对于理解癌症的进展很重要。 EV研究传统上是在缺乏空间信息的情况下对分离的细胞进行的。由于EV在肿瘤微环境中的分布与细胞功能有关，因此迫切需要可视化新鲜切除组织中的EV。我们在手术中使用定制的非线性成像系统对未经处理的人的乳房组织进行了成像。组织的无标记光学对比与组织学发现相关，使得能够对肿瘤微环境进行过程点表征。发现29例乳腺癌患者的EV密度随着组织学等级的提高和肿瘤到边缘距离的缩短而增加，并且显着高于7例接受减乳手术的无癌患者的EV密度。这些术中图像的获取和解释不仅提供了肿瘤微环境的实时可视化，而且还提供了将电动汽车用作癌症诊断和预后的无标记生物标志物的潜力。

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