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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies >The effects of tax structure on economic growth: evidence from Pakistan economies
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The effects of tax structure on economic growth: evidence from Pakistan economies

机译：税收结构对经济增长的影响：来自巴基斯坦经济的证据

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The study has been conducted to find out the effects of fiscal policy on economic growth in Pakistan. Taxes are selected as a proxy for fiscal policy and GDP as an economic growth. In this study the time series analysis was used. The study used difference tests and models. These tests were unit root test which at different levels was used for stationary and non-stationary another model was co-integration the co-integration further used two tests one was trace test and second one was maximum Eigen value these tests used for long run relationships between taxes and GDP. In this study Granger causality test lag 2 and lag 4 also for checking the effects of taxes on Pakistan GDP. The objectives of the study are to find out the relationship between taxes and GDP and also to testify the random walk between taxes and GDP. The data were taken from 1981 to 2012. Taxes dealt as an independent and GDP as a dependent variable of the study. Data were collected from Federal Bureau of Statistics and from Pakistan economic survey. Time series analysis is used to testify the hypotheses. The results of Unit Root test shows that GDP and taxes has a unit root and it is non- stationary. GDP has no unit root and stationary in nature at 1st difference level. The results of co-integration shows that both taxes and GDP no co-integration at 5 % level of significance. The study concludes that there is no Co-integration between taxes and GDP. The study recommended that fiscal policy should make according to the situation of the country and the tax rate should be change with a smooth rate.
机译：进行这项研究是为了找出财政政策对巴基斯坦经济增长的影响。选择税收代替财政政策，选择GDP代替经济增长。在这项研究中，使用了时间序列分析。该研究使用差异测试和模型。这些测试是单位根测试，在不同级别上分别用于固定和非固定;另一种模型是协整。该协整还使用了两个测试，一个是迹线测试，第二个是最大特征值，这些测试用于长期关系在税收和GDP之间。在这项研究中，格兰杰因果关系检验滞后2和滞后4也用于检验税收对巴基斯坦GDP的影响。该研究的目的是找出税收与GDP之间的关系，并证明税收与GDP之间的随机走动。数据取自1981年至2012年。税收是一项独立研究，GDP是研究的因变量。数据收集自联邦统计局和巴基斯坦经济调查。时间序列分析用于证明假设。单位根检验的结果表明，GDP和税收具有单位根，并且是固定的。 GDP没有单位根，本质上处于第一差异水平。协整的结果表明，税收和GDP都没有达到5％的显着水平的协整。该研究得出的结论是，税收与GDP之间不存在协整关系。研究建议，应根据国家情况制定财政政策，税率应平稳变化。

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