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首页> 外文期刊>Slovak Raptor Journal >The diet of the greater spotted eagle (Aquila clanga) in Belarusian Polesie
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The diet of the greater spotted eagle (Aquila clanga) in Belarusian Polesie

机译：白俄罗斯波兰犬中较大斑点的鹰（ Aquila clanga ）的饮食

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During 1999-2009 the food remains from the nests of 43 breeding pairs of the greater spotted eagle in Belarusian Polesie (southern Belarus) were collected. 797 prey items were determined, including mammals (40%, 15 species and Sylvaemus sp., 4 orders), birds (36%, 35 species and Phylloscopus sp., Corvidae sp., 11 orders), evertebrates (16%, Coleoptera, Odonatoptera, Gastropoda), reptiles (6%, 4 species and Lacerta sp.), amphibians (1%, Rana sp.) and fish (1%, 3 species). Small rodents from the genus Microtus (M. arvalis and M. oeconomus) as well as Arvicola amphibius were the most numerous mammal species, followed by Erinaceus roumanicus and Talpa europaea. Rallidae (mostly Rallus aquaticus, Porzana porzana and Crex crex), waders (mainly Galinago gallinago), dabbling ducks (mainly Anas platyrhynchos and Anas querquedula), Galliformes (Lyrurus tetrix), Ciconiiformes (Ardea cinerea and Botaurus stellaris) were the most numerous bird prey species. Emberiza schoeniclus was predominated prey species among Passerines. Reptiles were frequently represented by snakes (mainly Natrix natrix, but also Vipera berus and Coronella austriaca). Biomass predominance in diet of the greater spotted eagles is as follows: birds (67.9%), mammals (25.3%), reptiles (3.4%), fish (3.0%) and amphibians (0.3%). Prey species with a body mass of 51-200 g (41.9%) and 11-50 g (38.3%) were predominant in the food spectrum of the greater spotted eagles. In the weight category of 1-50g, mammals were dominant, but from the categories of 51-200 g and heavier, birds occupied the leading position. The prey which made the largest contribution in total biomass of the greater spotted eagle were in the prey weight category from 601 to 1200 g (34%), then from 51 to 200 g (24%), from 11 to 50 g (16.6%) and more than 1200 g (16%). The species of the genus Microtus were equally represented in prey set of the greater spotted eagle in habitats with different degrees of anthropogenic transformation (24% in each habitat type). The share of Arvicola amphibius in the diet of the greater spotted eagle decreased from 12% in natural habitats to 4% in transformed habitats; the share of birds decreased from 41% to 26% correspondingly. The share of Insectivora and Evertebrata, on the contrary, increased to 3% and 11% in natural habitats and to 6% and 27% in transformed habitats correspondingly.
机译：在1999年至2009年期间，从白俄罗斯Polesie（白俄罗斯南部）的43对繁殖的大斑鹰的巢中采集了食物残骸。确定了797种猎物，其中包括哺乳动物（40％，15种和西勒属物种，4目），鸟类（36％，35种和Phylloscopus sp。，科科属，11个顺序），脊椎动物（16％，鞘翅目， Odonatoptera，腹足纲动物），爬行动物（6％，4种和Lacerta sp。），两栖动物（1％，Rana sp。）和鱼类（1％，3种）。来自Microtus属的小啮齿动物（阿尔维斯分枝杆菌和oeconomus分枝杆菌）以及两栖的Arvicola是数量最多的哺乳动物，其次是鲁氏艾里纳努斯和欧洲塔尔巴。 Rallidae（主要是Rallus aquaticus，Porzana porzana和Crex crex），涉水者（主要是Galinago gallinago），duck鸭（主要是Anas platyrhynchos和Anas querquedula），Galliformes（Lyrurus tetrix），Ciconiiformes（Ardea cinereas）猎物种类。 Emberiza schoeniclus是雀形目中的主要猎物。爬行动物经常以蛇为代表（主要是Natrix natrix，但也有Vipera berus和Coronella austriaca）。大斑点鹰饮食中的生物量优势如下：鸟类（67.9％），哺乳动物（25.3％），爬行动物（3.4％），鱼类（3.0％）和两栖动物（0.3％）。在大斑点鹰的食物谱中，体重分别为51-200 g（41.9％）和11-50 g（38.3％）的猎物种类占主要地位。在1至50克的体重类别中，哺乳动物占主导地位，但在51至200克和较重的类别中，鸟类占据主导地位。在较大斑点鹰中，对总生物量贡献最大的猎物的猎物重量类别为601至1200 g（34％），然后为51至200 g（24％），从11至50 g（16.6％） ）和超过1200克（16％）。在具有不同程度的人为转化的栖息地（每种栖息地类型中占24％），大斑鹰的猎物也同样代表了鹰嘴豆属。在大型斑鹰的饮食中，两栖两栖类动物的比例从自然栖息地的12％减少到转变栖息地的4％。鸟类的份额也从41％下降到26％。相反，Insectivora和Evertebrata在自然栖息地中的比例分别增加到3％和11％，在转化后的栖息地中分别增加到6％和27％。

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