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首页> 外文期刊>South African Family Practice >Cold comfort for healthcare workers? Medico-ethical dilemmas facing a healthcare worker after occupational exposure to HIV
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Cold comfort for healthcare workers? Medico-ethical dilemmas facing a healthcare worker after occupational exposure to HIV

机译：医护人员的冰冷舒适感？职业接触艾滋病毒后医护人员面临的医学伦理困境

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Following exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) it is advisable for the healthcare worker (HCW) to take postexposure prophylaxis. A prerequisite for this is the establishment of the HIV status of the HCW and the patient. Ordinarily, this would be preceded by the ascertainment of the HIV status of the HCW and the patient. This should be done as soon as possible after exposure, usually within 24 hours. If the exposure takes place when the patient is under anaesthetic, which is often the case, consent for HIV testing is not readily forthcoming and this poses an ethical dilemma. A similar dilemma is posed by a patient who, having awoken, is not in a position or is unwilling to give consent. This paper discusses the ethical and legal constraints on the HCW and the employer in circumstances where the patient is not in a position to give consent. The paper concludes by restating the need to respect confidentiality and the autonomy of the patient and that informed consent is paramount in testing for HIV status. The paper proffers the view that testing the patient will not substantially alter the course of action open to the HCW and, in any event, will do little to allay the fears of HCWs.
机译：暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）后，建议医护人员（HCW）进行暴露后预防。前提是要确定医护人员和患者的艾滋病毒状况。通常，在确定医护人员和患者的艾滋病毒状况之前。暴露后应尽快进行此操作，通常在24小时内。如果暴露是在患者麻醉下进行的（通常是这种情况），则很难很快获得艾滋病毒检测的同意，这在伦理上造成了难题。醒来，不处于位置或不愿意给予同意的患者也面临类似的难题。本文讨论了在患者无法同意的情况下，对医护人员和雇主的道德和法律约束。最后，本文重申了尊重患者的机密性和自主权的必要性，并且知情同意对于测试HIV状况至关重要。该论文提出了这样的观点，即对患者进行测试不会实质上改变对医护人员开放的行动过程，并且在任何情况下都不会减轻医护人员的恐惧。

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