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On the phenomenological theory of magnetic storms

机译：关于磁暴的现象学理论

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This article addresses methodical issues concerning the modeling of the Dst variation in a geomagnetic storm. We describe the so-called RBM (Russell — Burton — McPherron) model representing an ordinary differential equation with solutions simulating the relation between the Dst variation and the azimuthal component of the interplanetary electric field. Special attention is paid to the threshold nature of Dst variation excitation. We would like to emphasize the necessity of stochastic extension of the RBM model by taking into account fluctuations inherent to any physical system. The integral representation of a Dst variation bifurcation diagram is given. It enables us to account for the effect of fluctuations that eliminate the diagram root singularity and cause a threshold point shift. The Dst variation is shown to be typical of the wide class of threshold phenomena similar to second-order phase transitions. We draw an analogy with threshold phenomena in Earth’s magnetosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere. In addition, we briefly discuss the issue about soft and hard passages through the threshold, as well as about explosive instability in geophysical media.
机译：本文解决了有关地磁风暴中Dst变化建模的方法性问题。我们描述了代表一个常微分方程的所谓RBM（Russell-Burton-McPherron）模型，并使用了模拟Dst变化和行星际电场方位角分量之间关系的解决方案。要特别注意Dst变化激励的阈值性质。我们想强调RBM模型随机扩展的必要性，要考虑到任何物理系统固有的波动。给出了Dst变化分叉图的积分表示。它使我们能够解决波动的影响，这些波动消除了图的根奇点并导致阈值点偏移。 Dst变化被证明是类似于二阶相变的一大类阈值现象的典型特征。我们用地球磁层，大气层和岩石圈中的阈值现象进行类比。此外，我们简要讨论了有关通过阈值的软通道和硬通道以及地球物理介质中爆炸性不稳定的问题。

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