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首页> 外文期刊>Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research >Soil biosolarization for Verticillium dahliae and Rhizoctonia solani control in artichoke crops in southeastern Spain
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Soil biosolarization for Verticillium dahliae and Rhizoctonia solani control in artichoke crops in southeastern Spain

机译：西班牙东南部朝鲜蓟作物中的大黄萎病和茄根枯菌的土壤生物固化

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The efficacy of soil biosolarization for the control of Verticillium dahliae and Rhizoctonia solani fungal pathogens was evaluated over two consecutive artichoke crop cycles in southeastern Spain. Soil biosolarization was applied in mid-June for 42 days. The evaluated soil treatments were: fresh sheep manure (FSM); beer bagasse (BB) plus FSM; broccoli crop residues plus FSM; and a control of non-disinfestated and non-amended soil. Different variables were analyzed: i) soil temperature during biosolarization; ii) soil inoculum density of Verticillium before and after biosolarization; iii) infectivity of V. dahliae and R. solani introduced inoculum after biosolarization treatments at 15 and 30 cm soil depth through bioassays; iv) crop disease incidence; and vi) marketable yield. Treatments were randomized in a complete block design with four replicates. Biosolarization treatments reduced levels of both fungal pathogens in both years and had significant lower percentages of affected plants at the end of the crop. All biosolarization treatments significantly improved marketable yield 22-29% to 38-59% compared to the non-disinfestated control in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 crop cycles respectively. Biosolarization with different organic amendments can be recommended as an effective management strategy for the control of soil-borne fungal diseases in artichoke crops in southeastern Spain, especially in repeated monocultures which are cultivated intensively.
机译：在西班牙东南部连续两个连续的朝鲜蓟种植周期中，评估了土壤生物增盐对大黄萎病菌和茄根枯菌真菌病原菌的防治效果。在6月中旬进行了42天的土壤生物固化处理。评估的土壤处理方式为：新鲜绵羊粪肥（FSM）;啤酒渣（BB）加FSM;西兰花残留物加FSM;并控制未消毒和未改良的土壤。分析了不同的变量：i）生物增溶过程中的土壤温度; ii）生化前后黄萎病菌的土壤接种密度; iii）通过生物测定法在土壤深度为15和30 cm进行生物增溶处理后，引入的大丽果弧菌和茄形假单胞菌的感染力; iv）作物病害发生率; vi）适销对路的收益。在一个完整的模块设计中将治疗随机化，重复四次。在两年中，生物增盐处理均降低了两种真菌病原体的水平，并且在作物生长结束时受影响植物的百分比显着降低。与2015年至2016年和2016年至2017年农作物周期的非杀虫对照相比，所有生物增盐处理均显着提高了可销售单产22-29％至38-59％。在西班牙东南部的朝鲜蓟作物中，特别是在密集栽培的反复单一栽培中，建议采用不同有机改良剂进行生物增盐处理作为控制土壤传播真菌病的有效管理策略。

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