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Decision-Making Tool for Cost-Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Wood Mobilisation

机译：经济高效和环保的木材动员决策工具

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Background and Purpose: With development of forest management technologies, the efficiency of wood production was significantly improved, and thus the impact on forests has changed as well. The article presents a practical decision-making tool for selection of most suitable harvesting system, considering given terrain as well as expected soil conditions on harvesting sites. The decision-making tool should support cost-efficient and environmentally friendly mobilisation of wood. Materials and Methods: The presented decision-making tool is based on ground bearing capacities (relevant environmental parameter) and nominal ground pressure (harvesting system characteristics). Soil and terrain (slope) characteristics were taken into account for selection of the most suitable harvesting system. Three-step methodological approach was suggested, where soil and terrain conditions were defined in first step, while harvesting system were described using wood process charts (“functiogramms”) in second step. In final step ecological and technological requirements were matched. Results: To exemplify the three-step methodology, a decision-making tool was prepared for the three selected harvesting systems. The proposed harvesting systems differ in technological, ecological and economic aspects, but each is limited by at least one of the aspect. Conclusions: The decision-making tool in combination with the presented wood process charts (“functiogramms”) can simplify and facilitate forest production planning, although it can also be used in case of unforeseen event e.g. changing of soil moisture, machinery failure and insufficient current capacities. Considering the envisaged quantities and types of forest wooden assortments, it is possible to use the decision-making tool for a basic selection of most appropriate harvesting systems. The main idea behind the suggested three step methodological approach is that forest workers can prepare individual decision-making matrix (based on ecological and technological parameters such as technical or economical limitations of harvesting machines).
机译：背景与目的：随着森林管理技术的发展，木材生产效率大大提高，因此对森林的影响也发生了变化。本文提出了一种实用的决策工具，用于选择最合适的收割系统，同时考虑了给定的地形以及收割地点的预期土壤条件。决策工具应支持经济高效且环保的木材调动。材料和方法：所提供的决策工具基于地面承载力（相关的环境参数）和额定地面压力（收获系统的特性）。选择最合适的收获系统时，应考虑土壤和地形（坡度）特征。建议采用三步法方法，第一步定义土壤和地形条件，第二步使用木材加工图（“功能图”）描述收割系统。在最后一步，生态和技术要求都得到了满足。结果：为了举例说明三步方法，为三个选定的收获系统准备了决策工具。提议的收割系统在技术，生态和经济方面均不同，但每个方面均受至少一个方面的限制。结论：决策工具与提出的木材流程图（“功能图”）相结合，可以简化和促进森林生产计划，尽管也可以在发生不可预见的事件时使用该工具。土壤水分变化，机械故障和电流容量不足。考虑到设想的林木分类数量和类型，可以使用决策工具对最合适的采伐系统进行基本选择。建议的三步方法论方法背后的主要思想是林业工作者可以准备单独的决策矩阵（基于生态和技术参数，例如收割机的技术或经济限制）。

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