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首页> 外文期刊>Standards in Genomic Sciences >Metagenome of a polluted river reveals a reservoir of metabolic and antibiotic resistance genes
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Metagenome of a polluted river reveals a reservoir of metabolic and antibiotic resistance genes

机译：受污染的河流的基因组揭示了新陈代谢和抗生素抗性基因的库

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Yamuna, a major tributary of Ganga, which flows through the national capital region of Delhi, is among the major polluted rivers in India. The accumulation of various effluents, toxic chemicals, heavy metals, and increased organic load in the Yamuna directly affects the organisms that thrive inside or around this river. It also makes it an ideal site for studying the impact of pollution on the river microflora, which are sentinels of the water quality. In this study, the microbial community structure and functional diversity of the Yamuna river water was assessed from the New Delhi region. The community structure of Yamuna during pre-monsoon (June) was found to be significantly different from the post-monsoon (November) time, with Acinetobacter being the most abundant genus during June, and Aeromonas during November. The functional characterization revealed the higher abundance of Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein in the river water, which could be important for the microbial chemosensory adaptation in the environment. A higher abundance of genes related to nitrogen and sulfur metabolism, metal tolerance, and xenobiotic degradation, and complete degradation pathways of aromatic compounds such as toluene, xylene, benzene and phenol were identified. Further, the results showed the presence of a pool of antibiotic resistance genes in the bacterial microbiome in the Yamuna alongside a large number of broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as carbapenemases and metallo-β-lactamases. Efflux mechanism of resistance was found to dominate among these microbes conferring multi-drug resistance. The Principal Coordinate Analysis of the taxonomic composition of the Yamuna River water with publicly available freshwater and sewage datasets revealed significant differences in the two Yamuna samples and a greater resemblance of pre-monsoon Yamuna sample to sewage sample owing to the higher pollution levels in Yamuna in the pre-monsoon time. The metagenomic study of the Yamuna river provides the first insights on the bacterial microbiome composition of this large polluted river, and also helps to understand the dynamics in the community structure and functions due to seasonal variations. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes and functional insights on the metabolic potential of a polluted river microbiome are likely to have several applications in health, biotechnology and bioremediation.
机译：亚穆纳河是恒河的主要支流，流经德里的国家首都地区，是印度主要的受污染河流。 Yamuna中各种废水，有毒化学物质，重金属和有机负荷的积累直接影响在这条河内部或周围壮成长的生物。它也使其成为研究污染对河流微生物的影响的理想场所，微生物是水质的定点。在这项研究中，从新德里地区评估了亚穆纳河水的微生物群落结构和功能多样性。发现季风前（6月）期间Yamuna的群落结构与季风后（11月）时间显着不同，不动杆菌是6月期间最丰富的属，气单胞菌则是11月期间的。功能表征表明河水中甲基受体趋化蛋白含量较高，这可能对环境中微生物的化学感应适应性很重要。鉴定了与氮和硫代谢，金属耐受性和异种生物降解有关的基因的较高丰度，以及芳香族化合物（如甲苯，二甲苯，苯和苯酚）的完整降解途径。此外，结果表明，Yamuna的细菌微生物组中存在大量的抗生素抗性基因，以及大量的广谱抗生素，如碳青霉烯酶和金属β-内酰胺酶。已发现耐药的外排机制在这些微生物中具有多重耐药性。使用公开可用的淡水和污水数据集对亚穆纳河水的分类学组成进行的主坐标分析表明，由于亚穆纳河的污染水平较高，两个亚穆纳河样本之间存在显着差异，并且季风前亚穆纳河样本与污水样本的相似性更高。季风前的时间。亚穆纳河的宏基因组学研究提供了关于这条大污染河的细菌微生物组组成的初步见解，并且还有助于了解由于季节性变化而导致的群落结构和功能的动态变化。抗生素抗性基因的存在和对被污染河流微生物组的代谢潜力的功能性洞察可能在健康，生物技术和生物修复中具有多种应用。

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