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Ecological Security and Ecosystem Services in Response to Land Use Change in the Coastal Area of Jiangsu, China

机译：江苏沿海地区土地利用变化的生态安全与生态系统服务

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Urbanization, and the resulting land use/cover change, is a primary cause of the degradation of coastal wetland ecosystems. Reclamation projects are seen as a way to strike a balance between socioeconomic development and maintenance of coastal ecosystems. Our aim was to understand the ecological changes to Jiangsu’s coastal wetland resulting from land use change since 1977 by using remote sensing and spatial analyses. The results indicate that: (1) The area of artificial land use expanded while natural land use was reduced, which emphasized an increase in production-orientated land uses at the expense of ecologically important wetlands; (2) It took 34 years for landscape ecological security and 39 years for ecosystem services to regain equilibrium. The coastal reclamation area would recover ecological equilibrium only after a minimum of 30 years; (3) The total ecosystem service value decreased significantly from $2.98 billion per year to $2.31 billion per year from 1977 to 2014. Food production was the only one ecosystem service function that consistently increased, mainly because of government policy; (4) The relationship between landscape ecological security and ecosystem services is complicated, mainly because of the scale effect of landscape ecology. Spatial analysis of changing gravity centers showed that landscape ecological security and ecosystem service quality became better in the north than the south over the study period.
机译：城市化以及由此产生的土地利用/覆盖变化是造成沿海湿地生态系统退化的主要原因。填海工程被视为在社会经济发展与沿海生态系统维护之间取得平衡的一种方式。我们的目的是通过遥感和空间分析来了解自1977年以来土地利用变化对江苏沿海湿地的生态变化。结果表明：（1）人工土地利用面积扩大，自然土地利用减少，强调以生产为主的土地利用增加，但以生态重要湿地为代价; （2）景观生态安全需要34年，生态系统服务需要39年才能恢复平衡。至少在30年后，沿海开垦区才能恢复生态平衡。 （3）从1977年到2014年，生态系统服务总价值从每年29.8亿美元大幅下降到每年23.1亿美元。粮食生产是唯一一个持续增长的生态系统服务功能，主要是由于政府的政策; （4）景观生态安全与生态系统服务之间的关系复杂，主要是由于景观生态的规模效应。重心变化的空间分析表明，在研究期内，北部的景观生态安全和生态系统服务质量优于南部。

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