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Dynamics of Laterality in Lake Tanganyika Scale-Eaters Driven by Cross-Predation

机译：交叉捕食驱动坦Tang尼喀湖食鳞动物的侧向动力学

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Scale-eating cichlid fishes, Perissodus spp., in Lake Tanganyika have laterally asymmetrical bodies, and each population is composed of righty and lefty morphs. Righty morphs attack the right side of prey and lefty morphs do the opposite. This anti-symmetric dimorphism has a genetic basis. Temporal changes in the frequencies of morphs in two cohabiting scale-eating species ( Perissodus microlepis and P. straeleni ) were investigated over a 31-year period on a rocky shore at the southern end of the lake. Dimorphism was maintained dynamically during the period in both species, and the frequencies oscillated with a period of about four years in a semi-synchronized manner. Recent studies have indicated that this type of anti-symmetric dimorphism is shared widely among fishes, and is maintained by frequency-dependent selection between predator and prey species. The combinations of laterality in each scale-eater and its victim were surveyed. The results showed that “cross-predation”, in which righty predators catch lefty prey and lefty predators catch righty prey, occurred more frequently than the reverse combination (“parallel-predation”). The cause of the predominance of cross-predation is discussed from the viewpoint of the physical and sensory abilities of fishes.
机译：坦any尼喀湖中具鳞片的丽鱼科鱼类Perissodus spp。具有侧向不对称的身体，每个种群都由左右形态组成。右变体攻击猎物的右侧，而左变体则相反。这种反对称二态性具有遗传基础。在31年的时间里，在湖南端的多岩石海岸上调查了两个同居的食鳞动物（Perissodus microlepis和straeleni）的形态变化的时间变化。两个物种在此期间均能动态保持二态性，并且频率以半同步方式振荡约四年。最近的研究表明，这种类型的反对称二态性在鱼类之间广泛共享，并通过在捕食者和猎物之间进行频率依赖性选择来维持。调查了每个食鳞动物及其受害者的偏侧性组合。结果表明，“逆向捕食”比逆向组合（“平行捕食”）发生的频率更高，在这种情况下，右掠食者捕获左捕食，左掠食者捕获右捕食。从鱼类的身体和感觉能力的角度讨论了交叉捕食的主要原因。

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