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首页> 外文期刊>Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie >Biodiversity in agricultural soils, sustainable plant production and control of plant pathogens
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Biodiversity in agricultural soils, sustainable plant production and control of plant pathogens

机译：农业土壤中的生物多样性，可持续植物生产和植物病原体控制

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Pathogens Soils are very heterogeneous substrates providing an environmental matrix with varying spatial and temporal gradients of pH, organic carbon, particle size distribution and moisture content. Chemical, physical as well as biological factors are operational and soil includes a vast variety of soil-dwelling invertebrates and microbes that interact with each other and the environment to in???uence plant productivity directly and indirectly. A review of recent literature on the role of soil biodiversity highlights the important role of soil invertebrates, notably earthworms, in in???uencing soil characteristics and soil borne plant pathogens. Earthworms are widely recognized as having critical functions in soil in regulating key processes that impact favourably on plant productivity and simultaneously eliminating or reducing soil borne diseases. The aim of this review is ???rstly to contribute towards a clari???cation of the role of soil biodiversity in general and to focus speci???cally on that of earthworms and their role in in???uencing plant pathogens and parasites. Evidence is provided that their activities can support plant productivity and suppress pathogens. Once the nature and extent of their role is better known and they are con???rmed to support plant productivity to the extent that many soil biologists believe, the next logical step is to utilize knowledge of their ecology to create and manage favourable environmental conditions to ensure their survival and activity in agricultural soils. Agricultural management practices that favour soil organisms are also reviewed. Implementing these will make the services of soil biota available to improve and sustain agro-ecosystems. This requires a better understanding of the preferences and tolerance ranges of these organisms and their interactions before we can apply methodologies in general to manipulate environmental conditions to maximise the bene???ts that they may offer.
机译：病原体土壤是非常异质的基质，提供了环境基质，其pH，有机碳，粒径分布和水分含量的时空梯度变化。化学，物理和生物因素都是可操作的，并且土壤包括多种居住在土壤中的无脊椎动物和微生物，它们相互之间以及与环境相互作用，从而直接或间接地影响植物的生产力。关于土壤生物多样性作用的最新文献综述强调了无脊椎动物，特别是earth在影响土壤特性和土壤传播的植物病原体中的重要作用。 regulating被公认为在调节关键过程中在土壤中起关键作用，这些关键过程对植物的生产力产生有利影响，同时消除或减少土壤传播的疾病。这篇综述的目的是首先有助于阐明总体上生物多样性的作用，并特别着重于worm及其在影响植物病原体中的作用。和寄生虫。有证据表明它们的活动可以支持植物的生产力并抑制病原体。一旦更好地了解了其作用的性质和程度，并使其得到了许多土壤生物学家所认为的程度的支持，以支持植物的生产力，下一步的逻辑步骤便是利用其生态学知识来创造和管理有利的环境条件。确保它们在农业土壤中的生存和活动。还审查了有利于土壤生物的农业管理实践。实施这些措施将使土壤生物区系可用于改善和维持农业生态系统。这要求我们对这些生物的偏好和耐受范围及其相互作用有一个更好的了解，然后我们才能采用一般的方法来操纵环境条件，以最大程度地发挥它们的作用。

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