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首页> 外文期刊>Pakistan journal of botany >Mycofloral pathogenicity on corn (Zea mays) seeds and its management by different strategies in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
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Mycofloral pathogenicity on corn (Zea mays) seeds and its management by different strategies in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

机译：巴基斯坦Azad克什米尔地区玉米（Zea mays）种子的致病菌致病性及其不同策略的管理

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The study was conducted to evaluate mycfloral pathogenicity prevailing on corn (Zea mays L.) and indigenous management strategies in different districts of Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK) Pakistan. Fungi were grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA), isolated and identified by colony counter and microscopic analysis. Eighteen different fungal species of eight genera were found associated with maize seeds. For verification In vitro seeds inoculation tests and pathogenicity rate was measured. On infection rate basis Fusarium moniliforme was (80.75 %), Aspergillus niger (63.25%) and Rhizopus stolonifera (32.75%), respective ly. Their phytogeographical prevalence was found in descending order in Bhimber (61.50%), Mirpur (60.25%) and Muzaffarabad (39.03%). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that effect of different species was quite dynamic and fluctuating not only for taxa based differences but also with climate and altitudinal variations. The impact of different fungal inoculations was tested by least standard deviation (LSD) which demonstrated that d. distilled water treatment had highest seed germination rate 75.87%, with F. moniliforme 53.64%, Aspergillus niger 62.55% and their synergetic infusion showed least value of 41.73%. To reduce or eliminate the detrimental impacts of these species, four different management strategies were evaluated in experimental plot and results were analyzed by LSD. The garlic extract treatment was the best with highest seed germination rate (85.75%), followed by Benomyl treatment (84.75%), hot water treatment (79%), and distilled water treatment (65%), respectively. It was observed that all the results were significantly different from each othe r but the interaction between treatments and localities showed various degrees of variations.
机译：进行该研究以评估在巴基斯坦Azad Jammu和Kashmir（AJK）不同地区流行的玉米（Zea mays L.）流行病原菌致病性和土著管理策略。真菌在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）上生长，通过菌落计数器和显微镜分析进行分离和鉴定。发现八属的十八种不同真菌物种与玉米种子有关。为了验证，测量了体外种子接种测试和致病率。以感染率计，镰刀菌为（80.75％），黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）为（63.25％）和茎根霉（Rhizopus stolonifera）为（32.75％）。在比伯（61.50％），米尔布尔（60.25％）和穆扎法拉巴德（39.03％）中发现了它们的植物地理流行度。方差分析（ANOVA）表明，不同物种的影响非常动态，并且不仅对于基于分类单元的差异而且随着气候和海拔变化而波动。通过最小标准偏差（LSD）测试了不同真菌接种的影响，证明了d。蒸馏水处理的种子发芽率最高，为75.87％，念珠菌为53.64％，黑曲霉为62.55％，它们的协同注入最低值达到41.73％。为了减少或消除这些物种的有害影响，在试验区评估了四种不同的管理策略，并通过LSD分析了结果。大蒜提取物处理效果最好，种子发芽率最高（85.75％），其次是苯菌灵处理（84.75％），热水处理（79％）和蒸馏水处理（65％）。观察到，所有结果在每个地方都存在显着差异，但是处理和位置之间的相互作用显示出不同程度的变化。

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