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Biochemical research elucidating metabolic pathways in Pneumocystis

机译：生化研究阐明了肺囊虫的代谢途径

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Advances in sequencing the Pneumocystis carinii genome have helped identify potential metabolic pathways operative in the organism. Also, data from characterizing the biochemical and physiological nature of these organisms now allow elucidation of metabolic pathways as well as pose new challenges and questions that require additional experiments. These experiments are being performed despite the difficulty in doing experiments directly on this pathogen that has yet to be subcultured indefinitely and produce mass numbers of cells in vitro. This article reviews biochemical approaches that have provided insights into several Pneumocystis metabolic pathways. It focuses on 1) S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet; SAM), which is a ubiquitous participant in numerous cellular reactions; 2) sterols: focusing on oxidosqualene cyclase that forms lanosterol in P. carinii; SAM:sterol C-24 methyltransferase that adds methyl groups at the C-24 position of the sterol side chain; and sterol 14α-demethylase that removes a methyl group at the C-14 position of the sterol nucleus; and 3) synthesis of ubiquinone homologs, which play a pivotal role in mitochondrial inner membrane and other cellular membrane electron transport.
机译：卡氏肺孢子虫基因组测序的进展已帮助鉴定了该生物体中潜在的代谢途径。而且，表征这些生物的生物化学和生理特性的数据现在可以阐明代谢途径，并提出新的挑战和问题，需要进行额外的实验。尽管难以直接对该病原体进行实验，但仍难以进行无限次传代培养并在体外产生大量细胞，但仍在进行这些实验。本文回顾了生化方法，提供了对几种肺孢子虫代谢途径的见解。它着重于1）S-腺苷-L-蛋氨酸（AdoMet; SAM），它是众多细胞反应中普遍存在的参与者; 2）固醇：专注于在卡氏疟原虫中形成羊毛甾醇的氧化角鲨烯环化酶; SAM：固醇C-24甲基转移酶，在固醇侧链的C-24位置添加甲基;固醇14α-脱甲基酶，其除去固醇核的C-14位置的甲基。 3）泛醌同系物的合成，其在线粒体内膜和其他细胞膜电子传输中起关键作用。

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