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首页> 外文期刊>Parasite >Haemonchotolerance in West African Dwarf goats: contribution to sustainable, anthelmintics-free helminth control in traditionally managed Nigerian dwarf goats
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Haemonchotolerance in West African Dwarf goats: contribution to sustainable, anthelmintics-free helminth control in traditionally managed Nigerian dwarf goats

机译：西非矮山羊的耐盐性：对传统管理的尼日利亚矮山羊的可持续，无驱虫蠕虫控制的贡献

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West African Dwarf (WAD) goats are extremely important in the rural village economy of West Africa, but still little is known about their biology, ecology and capacity to cope with gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections. Here, we summarise the history of this breed and explain its economic importance in rural West Africa. We review recent work showing that Nigerian WAD goats are highly trypanotolerant and resist infections with Haemonchus contortus more effectively than other breeds of domestic goat (haemonchotolerance). We believe that haemonchotolerance is largely responsible for the generally low level GIN infections and absence of clinical haemonchosis in WADs under field conditions, and has contributed to the relatively successful and sustainable, anthelmintics-free, small-scale system of goat husbandry in Nigeria’s humid zone, and is immunologically based and genetically controlled. If haemonchotolerance can be shown to be genetically controlled, it should be possible to exploit the underlying genes to improve GIN resistance among productive fibre and milk producing breeds of goats, most of which are highly susceptible to nematode infections. Genetic resistance to GIN and trypanosome infections would obviate the need for expensive chemotherapy, mostly unaffordable to small-holder farmers in Africa, and a significant cost of goat husbandry in more developed countries. Either introgression of resistance alleles into susceptible breeds by conventional breeding, or transgenesis could be used to develop novel parasite-resistant, but highly productive breeds, or to improve the resistance of existing breeds, benefitting the local West African rural economy as well as global caprine livestock agriculture.
机译：西非矮山羊（WAD）在西非乡村经济中极为重要，但对其生物学，生态学和应对胃肠道线虫（GIN）感染的能力知之甚少。在这里，我们总结了该品种的历史并解释了其在西非农村地区的经济重要性。我们回顾了最近的研究，这些研究表明尼日利亚WAD山羊具有高度的锥虫耐受性，并且比其他品种的家养山羊更能有效地抵抗捻转血矛线虫感染。我们认为，在田野条件下，耐盐害性是造成WAD普遍水平较低的GIN感染和临床上没有克氏菌病的主要原因，并且有助于尼日利亚湿润地区相对成功和可持续，无驱虫剂的小型山羊饲养系统，并且是基于免疫学和基因控制的。如果可以证明耐盐性是遗传控制的，则应该有可能利用基础基因来提高山羊的生产纤维和产奶品种中的GIN抵抗力，其中大多数极易受到线虫感染。对GIN和锥虫感染的遗传抗药性将消除对昂贵的化学疗法的需求，这在非洲的小农户大多无法承受，而在较发达国家则需要大量的山羊饲养费用。通过常规育种将抗性等位基因渗入易感品种中，或转基因可用于开发新的抗寄生虫但产量高的品种，或用于提高现有品种的抗性，从而造福西非当地农村经济以及全球范围畜牧业。

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