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Random Bosonic States for Robust Quantum Metrology

机译:鲁棒量子计量学的随机Bosonic状态

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We study how useful random states are for quantum metrology, i.e., whether they surpass the classical limits imposed on precision in the canonical phase sensing scenario. First, we prove that random pure states drawn from the Hilbert space of distinguishable particles typically do not lead to superclassical scaling of precision even when allowing for local unitary optimization. Conversely, we show that random pure states from the symmetric subspace typically achieve the optimal Heisenberg scaling without the need for local unitary optimization. Surprisingly, the Heisenberg scaling is observed for random isospectral states of arbitrarily low purity and preserved under loss of a fixed number of particles. Moreover, we prove that for pure states, a standard photon-counting interferometric measurement suffices to typically achieve resolution following the Heisenberg scaling for all values of the phase at the same time. Finally, we demonstrate that metrologically useful states can be prepared with short random optical circuits generated from three types of beam splitters and a single nonlinear (Kerr-like) transformation.
机译:我们研究了随机状态对于量子计量的有用性,即它们是否超过了规范相位传感场景中对精度的经典限制。首先,我们证明,即使允许局部unit优化,从可区分粒子的希尔伯特空间得出的随机纯态通常也不会导致精度的超经典缩放。相反,我们表明,来自对称子空间的随机纯态通常可以实现最佳的海森堡缩放,而无需局部unit优化。出人意料的是,观察到了Heisenberg标度,观察到任意低纯度的随机等光谱状态,并在损失一定数量的粒子的情况下得以保留。此外,我们证明,对于纯态,标准的光子计数干涉测量通常可以在海森堡缩放后同时针对所有相位值实现分辨率。最后,我们证明,可以使用由三种类型的分束器和单个非线性(类Keer)变换生成的短随机光学电路来制备具有计量学意义的状态。

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