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Echoes in Space and Time

机译：时空回声

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摘要

Echo in mountains is a well-known phenomenon, where an acoustic pulse is mirrored by the rocks, often with reverberating recurrences. For spin echoes in magnetic resonance and photon echoes in atomic and molecular systems, the role of the mirror is played by a second, time-delayed pulse that is able to reverse the flow of time and recreate the original impulsive event. Recently, alignment and orientation echoes were discussed in terms of rotational-phase-space filamentation, and they were optically observed in laser-excited molecular gases. Here, we observe hitherto unreported fractional echoes of high order, spatially rotated echoes, and the counterintuitive imaginary echoes at negative times. Coincidence Coulomb explosion imaging is used for a direct spatiotemporal analysis of various molecular alignment echoes, and the implications to echo phenomena in other fields of physics are discussed.
机译：山中的回声是一种众所周知的现象，在岩石上会反射出一个声脉冲，通常会产生回声。对于磁共振中的自旋回波以及原子和分子系统中的光子回波，反射镜的作用是通过第二个延时脉冲来实现的，该延时脉冲可以逆转时间流并重新产生原始的脉冲事件。最近，就旋转相空间丝化讨论了取向和取向回波，并在激光激发的分子气体中对其进行了光学观察。在这里，我们观察到迄今未报告的高阶分数回波，空间旋转回波以及负时反直觉的虚部回波。巧合库仑爆炸成像用于各种分子排列回波的直接时空分析，并讨论了对其他物理领域中回波现象的影响。

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