We explore how thermal fluctuations affect the mechanics of thin amorphous spherical shells. In flat membranes with a shear modulus, thermal fluctuations increase the bending rigidity and reduce the in-plane elastic moduli in a scale-dependent fashion. This is still true for spherical shells. However, the additional coupling between the shell curvature, the local in-plane stretching modes, and the local out-of-plane undulations leads to novel phenomena. In spherical shells, thermal fluctuations produce a radius-dependent negative effective surface tension, equivalent to applying an inward external pressure. By adapting renormalization group calculations to allow for a spherical background curvature, we show that while small spherical shells are stable, sufficiently large shells are crushed by this thermally generated “pressure.” Such shells can be stabilized by an outward osmotic pressure, but the effective shell size grows nonlinearly with increasing outward pressure, with the same universal power-law exponent that characterizes the response of fluctuating flat membranes to a uniform tension.
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机译：万向节密封件-具有细长的球形密封表面，该表面可滑入较厚的外表面，以提供防尘密封等。AB DE4036616A两根轴（1、2）通过万向节连接，一根轴（2）装有一个球面联轴器（3）在第二轴的外球面内移动。第二根轴具有细长的球形密封表面（8），该表面在较厚的外表面内滑动。相互交叉的球形密封表面提供了有限的灰尘等进入的密封。密封唇（8a，9）密封了壳体的作用。优势-改进了对万向接头的保护，将砂砾损坏的风险降至最低。 AN 91194459 TI用于转速测量的脉冲环-倾斜的计数器部分沿环的外围压出，与传感器单元相互作用以确定速度和方向
