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Current approaches and utilization of new screening techniques for evaluation of FHB resistance at CIMMYT

机译：CIMMYT评估FHB耐药性的新方法和新方法的利用

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major disease of wheat in most wheat growing areas of the world. Resistance to FHB is a key trait for CIMMYT and many wheat breeding programs worldwide. New plant phenotyping techniques such as quantification of fungal biomass using real-time PCR have become available recently. CIMMYT's approach is to test new techniques for their feasibility and to apply them in routine disease screening programs if they prove to be valuable.Two sets of spring wheat genotypes assembled on the basis of low (group 1) and high (group 2) FHB index observed in previous years, were phenotyped and genotyped in CIMMYT's FHB screening program. Phenotyping consisted of visual disease scoring (FHB index), mycotoxin analysis (DON) and quantification of fungal biomass. Apart from the FHB index, the two groups differed slightly in terms of DON accumulation although no differences were observed for average fungal biomass. This observation combined with the lack of correlation between disease symptoms and amount of fungal biomass suggested that some useful information may not be considered to discriminate resistant from susceptible genotypes when field selection is solely based on visual scoring results. DON/biomass-ratio was assessed for all genotypes and was found to be higher in the more resistant group 1 contrary to expectiations. An increase in DON production resulting from a stress or from resistance is discussed as a possible hypothesis. The determination of fungal biomass proved to be potentially valuable as a phenotyping tool. Genotyping results also showed that new genotypes harboring moderate levels of resistance and differing from traditional sources of scab resistance become available.
机译：在世界上大多数小麦产区，镰刀菌病是小麦的主要病害。对FHB的抗性是CIMMYT和全球许多小麦育种计划的关键特征。最近已经出现了新的植物表型分析技术，例如使用实时PCR定量真菌生物量。 CIMMYT的方法是测试新技术的可行性，并在证明其有价值的情况下将其应用在常规疾病筛查程序中。在低（第1组）和高（第2组）FHB指数的基础上，建立了两组春小麦基因型。在CIMMYT的FHB筛查程序中，对前几年观察到的结果进行了表型和基因分型。表型包括视觉疾病评分（FHB指数），霉菌毒素分析（DON）和真菌生物量定量。除FHB指数外，两组在DON积累方面略有不同，尽管在平均真菌生物量方面未观察到差异。该观察结果加上疾病症状和真菌生物量之间缺乏相关性，表明当田间选择仅基于视觉评分结果时，可能不考虑一些有用的信息来区分抗药性与易感基因型。评估了所有基因型的DON /生物量比，发现与预期相反，抗药性更高的第1组更高。作为一种可能的假设，讨论了由于压力或阻力导致的DON产量增加。真菌生物量的测定被证明可能作为表型鉴定工具有价值。基因分型结果还表明，具有中等抗性水平并且与传统的抗ab疮病源不同的新基因型已经可以得到。

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