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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Protection Science >Survey of incidence of bunts (Tilletia caries and Tilletia controversa) in the Czech Republic and susceptibility of winter wheat cultivars
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Survey of incidence of bunts (Tilletia caries and Tilletia controversa) in the Czech Republic and susceptibility of winter wheat cultivars

机译：捷克共和国短打（Tilletia龋齿和Tilletia controversa）的发病率和冬小麦品种的敏感性调查

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Bunts (caused by Tilletia caries and T. controversa) belong to very important diseases of winter wheat because contaminated commodities (seeds, foods and feeds) affect the marketability of the crop on both domestic and export markets. They can be relatively easily controlled by chemical seed treatments. Due to the availability of effective chemical control, the reaction of wheat cultivars to bunts has so far not been an important trait for plant breeders in some areas of the world. However, if synthetic chemicals are not allowed, like in organic farming, untreated seed may quickly lead to a build-up of bunt to levels that render the crop unmarketable. The use of wheat cultivars partially or fully resistant to bunts could greatly contribute to ease the bunt problem. The reaction of winter wheat cultivars was evaluated in field tests. Seeds of winter wheat were inoculated with teliospores of T. caries. The reaction to T. controversa was studied under heavy natural infestation with spores in the soil. With T. caries, the heaviest infection was found in cvs Drifter and Ebi, while cvs Nela, Brea and Samanta had the lowest. The average level of infection with T. controversa was higher than that of T. caries. The cvs Niagara, Brea and Versailles had significantly lower numbers of bunt ears of T. controversa in 2002. The incidence of both bunts in grain samples that had not been cleaned and sorted after harvest was monitored for 4 years. A total of 1 058 samples collected from various locations in the Czech Republic were analysed for the presence of bunt spores and the species determined. The investigation demonstrated a rather widespread occurrence of bunts across the Czech Republic, with T. controversa being more frequent.Keywords:bunts; Tilletia caries; Tilletia controversa;, cultivars; winter wheat; incidence of bunts; Czech Republicdownload PDF Impact factor (Web of Science – Thomson Reuters) 2016: 0.742
机译：小圆面包（由Tilletia龋齿和T. controversa引起）是冬小麦的重要疾病，因为受污染的商品（种子，食物和饲料）影响作物在国内和出口市场上的销售。通过化学种子处理可以相对容易地控制它们。由于可以进行有效的化学控制，迄今为止，小麦品种对bun的反应尚未成为世界某些地区植物育种者的重要特征。但是，如果像有机农业一样，不允许使用合成化学品，则未经处理的种子可能会迅速导致草皮积累到一定水平，从而使农作物无法销售。使用部分或完全抗bun虫的小麦品种可以极大地缓解ease虫问题。在田间试验中评估了冬小麦品种的反应。冬小麦的种子接种了龋齿的端孢子。在土壤中有大量孢子的自然大批侵染下，研究了对T. controversa的反应。在龋齿中，感染最严重的是cvs的Drifter和Ebi，而cvs的Nela，Brea和Samanta的感染率最低。 T. controversa感染的平均水平高于龋齿。尼亚加拉，布雷亚和凡尔赛的变异种在2002年的T. controversa的幼穗的数量显着降低。在收割后未经清洗和分类的谷物样品中，这两种幼穗的发生率均进行了4年的监测。分析了从捷克共和国各个地点收集的总共1,058份样品中是否存在短打孢子，并确定了该物种。调查显示，在捷克共和国，短打的发生率相当普遍，而T. controversa则更为常见。龋齿Tilletia controversa ;;栽培品种;冬小麦短打的发生率;捷克共和国下载PDF影响因子（科学网–汤森路透），2016年：0.742

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