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首页> 外文期刊>PLoS Biology >Sex Determination: Why So Many Ways of Doing It?
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Sex Determination: Why So Many Ways of Doing It?

机译：性别决定：为什么有这么多种方式？

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Sexual reproduction is an ancient feature of life on earth, and the familiar X and Y chromosomes in humans and other model species have led to the impression that sex determination mechanisms are old and conserved. In fact, males and females are determined by diverse mechanisms that evolve rapidly in many taxa. Yet this diversity in primary sex-determining signals is coupled with conserved molecular pathways that trigger male or female development. Conflicting selection on different parts of the genome and on the two sexes may drive many of these transitions, but few systems with rapid turnover of sex determination mechanisms have been rigorously studied. Here we survey our current understanding of how and why sex determination evolves in animals and plants and identify important gaps in our knowledge that present exciting research opportunities to characterize the evolutionary forces and molecular pathways underlying the evolution of sex determination.
机译：有性生殖是地球上生命的古老特征，人类和其他模型物种中熟悉的X和Y染色体给人的印象是性别决定机制是古老且保守的。实际上，男性和女性是由在许多生物分类中迅速发展的多种机制决定的。然而，这种主要性别决定信号的多样性与触发男性或女性发育的保守分子途径结合在一起。在基因组的不同部分和两个性别上的选择冲突可能会推动许多这样的转变，但是对性别决定机制快速周转的系统的研究很少。在这里，我们调查了我们对性别决定如何以及为什么在动植物中进化的当前理解，并确定了我们知识中的重要差距，这些差距为表征性别决定进化的进化力和分子途径提供了令人兴奋的研究机会。

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