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Ancestral Reconstruction

机译:宗族重建

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Ancestral reconstruction is the extrapolation back in time from measured characteristics ofindividuals (or populations) to their common ancestors. It is an important application ofphylogenetics, the reconstruction and study of the evolutionary relationships among individuals, populations, or species to their ancestors. In the context of biology, ancestral reconstructioncan be used to recover different kinds of ancestral character states, including the geneticsequence (ancestral sequence reconstruction), the amino acid sequence of a protein, the composition of a genome (e.g., gene order), a measurable characteristic of an organism (phenotype), and the geographic range of an ancestral population or species (ancestral rangereconstruction). Nonbiological applications include the reconstruction of the vocabulary orphonemes of ancient languages [1] and cultural characteristics of ancient societies such as oraltraditions [2] or marriage practices [3].
机译:宗族重建是从个人(或群体)的测量特征到其共同祖先的时间外推。这是系统发育学,重建,研究个人,种群或物种与其祖先之间的进化关系的重要应用。在生物学的背景下,祖先重建可用于恢复不同种类的祖先性状,包括遗传序列(祖先序列重建),蛋白质的氨基酸序列,基因组组成(例如,基因顺序),可测量的生物体的特征(表型)以及祖先种群或物种的地理范围(祖先范围重建)。非生物应用包括重建古代语言的词汇音素[1]和古代社会的文化特征,例如口音[2]或婚姻习俗[3]。

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