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首页> 外文期刊>PLoS Genetics >Evolution and multiple roles of the Pancrustacea specific transcription factor zelda in insects
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Evolution and multiple roles of the Pancrustacea specific transcription factor zelda in insects

机译：Pancrustacea特异性转录因子zelda在昆虫中的进化及多种作用

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Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) evolve as a result of the coevolutionary processes acting on transcription factors (TFs) and the cis-regulatory modules they bind. The zinc-finger TF zelda (zld) is essential for the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) in Drosophila melanogaster, where it directly binds over thousand cis-regulatory modules to regulate chromatin accessibility. D. melanogaster displays a long germ type of embryonic development, where all segments are simultaneously generated along the whole egg. However, it remains unclear if zld is also involved in the MZT of short-germ insects (including those from basal lineages) or in other biological processes. Here we show that zld is an innovation of the Pancrustacea lineage, being absent in more distant arthropods (e.g. chelicerates) and other organisms. To better understand zld′s ancestral function, we thoroughly investigated its roles in a short-germ beetle, Tribolium castaneum, using molecular biology and computational approaches. Our results demonstrate roles for zld not only during the MZT, but also in posterior segmentation and patterning of imaginal disc derived structures. Further, we also demonstrate that zld is critical for posterior segmentation in the hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus, indicating this function predates the origin of holometabolous insects and was subsequently lost in long-germ insects. Our results unveil new roles of zld in different biological contexts and suggest that changes in expression of zld (and probably other major TFs) are critical in the evolution of insect GRNs.
机译：基因调控网络（GRN）的进化是作用于转录因子（TF）及其结合的顺式调控模块的协同进化过程的结果。锌指TF塞尔达（zld）对于果蝇的母体到合子的过渡（MZT）是必不可少的，在果蝇中它直接结合了数千种顺式调控模块来调节染色质的可及性。 D. melanogaster表现出很长的胚芽类型的胚胎发育，其中所有片段都沿着整个卵同时生成。但是，尚不清楚zld是否也参与短发昆虫（包括来自基础谱系的昆虫）的MZT或其他生物过程。在这里，我们表明zld是Pancrustacea谱系的创新，在更远的节肢动物（例如chelicerates）和其他生物中不存在。为了更好地了解zld的祖先功能，我们使用分子生物学和计算方法彻底研究了其在短发甲虫Tribolium castaneum中的作用。我们的研究结果证明了zld不仅在MZT期间发挥作用，而且在影像椎间盘衍生结构的后切和图案化中也发挥了作用。此外，我们还证明了zld对于半球形Rhodnius prolixus的后段分割至关重要，表明该功能早于全代谢昆虫的起源，随后在长胚昆虫中丧失。我们的研究结果揭示了zld在不同生物学环境中的新作用，并表明zld（可能还有其他主要TF）的表达变化对于昆虫GRN的进化至关重要。

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