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首页> 外文期刊>PLoS Genetics >A 660-Kb Deletion with Antagonistic Effects on Fertility and Milk Production Segregates at High Frequency in Nordic Red Cattle: Additional Evidence for the Common Occurrence of Balancing Selection in Livestock
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A 660-Kb Deletion with Antagonistic Effects on Fertility and Milk Production Segregates at High Frequency in Nordic Red Cattle: Additional Evidence for the Common Occurrence of Balancing Selection in Livestock

机译：660 Kb删除对繁殖力和产奶量有拮抗作用的北欧红牛高频分离：牲畜平衡选择常见发生的其他证据

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In dairy cattle, the widespread use of artificial insemination has resulted in increased selection intensity, which has led to spectacular increase in productivity. However, cow fertility has concomitantly severely declined. It is generally assumed that this reduction is primarily due to the negative energy balance of high-producing cows at the peak of lactation. We herein describe the fine-mapping of a major fertility QTL in Nordic Red cattle, and identify a 660-kb deletion encompassing four genes as the causative variant. We show that the deletion is a recessive embryonically lethal mutation. This probably results from the loss of RNASEH2B, which is known to cause embryonic death in mice. Despite its dramatic effect on fertility, 13%, 23% and 32% of the animals carry the deletion in Danish, Swedish and Finnish Red Cattle, respectively. To explain this, we searched for favorable effects on other traits and found that the deletion has strong positive effects on milk yield. This study demonstrates that embryonic lethal mutations account for a non-negligible fraction of the decline in fertility of domestic cattle, and that associated positive effects on milk yield may account for part of the negative genetic correlation. Our study adds to the evidence that structural variants contribute to animal phenotypic variation, and that balancing selection might be more common in livestock species than previously appreciated.
机译：在奶牛中，人工授精的广泛使用导致选择强度的提高，从而导致生产率的显着提高。但是，牛的生育能力随之严重下降。通常认为这种减少主要是由于泌乳高峰期高产母牛的负能量平衡造成的。我们在本文中描述了北欧红牛主要生育力QTL的精细定位，并确定了一个660-kb的缺失，其中包含四个基因作为致病变异。我们表明该删除是一个隐性的胚胎致死突变。这可能是由于RNASEH2B的丢失导致的，RNASEH2B的丢失会导致小鼠胚胎死亡。尽管对繁殖力有显着影响，但丹麦，瑞典和芬兰红牛中分别有13％，23％和32％的动物带有缺失。为了解释这一点，我们搜索了对其他性状的有利影响，发现该缺失对产奶量具有很强的积极作用。这项研究表明，胚胎致死性突变占家畜繁殖力下降的一个不可忽略的部分，而对牛奶产量的相关正效应可能是负遗传相关性的一部分。我们的研究增加了证据，表明结构变异会导致动物表型变异，并且平衡选择可能在牲畜物种中比以前更加普遍。

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