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首页> 外文期刊>PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases >Environmental and Social Change Drive the Explosive Emergence of Zika Virus in the Americas
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Environmental and Social Change Drive the Explosive Emergence of Zika Virus in the Americas

机译：环境和社会变革推动了寨卡病毒在美洲爆炸性爆发

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Since Zika virus (ZIKV) was detected in Brazil in 2015, it has spread explosively across the Americas and has been linked to increased incidence of microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In one year, it has infected over 500,000 people (suspected and confirmed cases) in 40 countries and territories in the Americas. Along with recent epidemics of dengue (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), which are also transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, the emergence of ZIKV suggests an ongoing intensification of environmental and social factors that have given rise to a new regime of arbovirus transmission. Here, we review hypotheses and preliminary evidence for the environmental and social changes that have fueled the ZIKV epidemic. Potential drivers include climate variation, land use change, poverty, and human movement. Beyond the direct impact of microcephaly and GBS, the ZIKV epidemic will likely have social ramifications for women’s health and economic consequences for tourism and beyond.
机译：自2015年在巴西发现寨卡病毒（ZIKV）以来，它已在美洲爆发性传播，并与小头畸形和吉兰-巴雷综合征（GBS）的发病率上升有关。一年来，它已经感染了美洲40个国家和地区的500,000多人（怀疑和确诊的病例）。以及最近由埃及伊蚊和埃及伊蚊传播的登革热（DENV）和基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）的流行。 ZIKV的出现表明在白带蚊中，环境和社会因素的持续加剧导致了新的虫媒病毒传播机制的出现。在这里，我们回顾了导致ZIKV流行的环境和社会变化的假设和初步证据。潜在的驱动因素包括气候变化，土地利用变化，贫困和人类活动。除了小头畸形和GBS的直接影响之外，ZIKV流行病可能会对妇女的健康产生社会影响，并给旅游业及其他带来经济后果。

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