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首页> 外文期刊>PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases >Phylogeny and Niche Conservatism in North and Central American Triatomine Bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), Vectors of Chagas' Disease
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Phylogeny and Niche Conservatism in North and Central American Triatomine Bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), Vectors of Chagas' Disease

机译：北美和中美洲三足动物臭虫（半翅目：Reduviidae：三足动物）的系统发育和生态位保守性，恰加斯病的载体

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The niche conservatism hypothesis states that related species diverge in niche characteristics at lower rates than expected, given their lineage divergence. Here we analyze whether niche conservatism is a common pattern among vector species (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) of Trypanosoma cruzi that inhabit North and Central America, a highly heterogeneous landmass in terms of environmental gradients. Mitochondrial and nuclear loci were used in a multi-locus phylogenetic framework to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among species and estimate time of divergence of selected clades to draw biogeographic inferences. Then, we estimated similarity between the ecological niche of sister species and tested the niche conservatism hypothesis using our best estimate of phylogeny. Triatoma is not monophyletic. A primary clade with all North and Central American (NCA) triatomine species from the genera Triatoma, Dipetalogaster, and Panstrongylus, was consistently recovered. Nearctic species within the NCA clade (T. p. protracta, T. r. rubida) diverged during the Pliocene, whereas the Neotropical species (T. phyllosoma, T. longipennis, T. dimidiata complex) are estimated to have diverged more recently, during the Pleistocene. The hypothesis of niche conservatism could not be rejected for any of six sister species pairs. Niche similarity between sister species best fits a retention model. While this framework is used here to infer niche evolution, it has a direct impact on spatial vector dynamics driven by human population movements, expansion of transportation networks and climate change scenarios.
机译：生态位保守主义假设指出，鉴于其物种世系的差异，相关物种的生态位特征的分化速度低于预期。在这里，我们分析了生态位保守性是否是居住在北美和中美洲（在环境梯度方面高度异质的陆地）的锥虫锥虫的媒介物种（半翅目：Reduviidae：Triatominae）之间的常见模式。线粒体和核基因座用于多位点系统发育框架中，以重建物种之间的系统发育关系，并估计选定进化枝的分歧时间，以得出生物地理学推论。然后，我们估计了姐妹物种生态位之间的相似性，并使用我们对系统发育的最佳估计来检验了位生态保守性假设。三角藻不是单系的。一致地回收了主要的进化枝，该进化枝包含来自Triatoma，Dipetalogaster和Panstrongylus属的所有北美和中美洲（NCA）三角藻类。在上新世期间，NCA进化枝（T. p。protracta，T. r。rubida）内的近生物种发生了分化，而新热带物种（T. phyllosoma，T。longipennis，T。dimidiata complex）估计最近发生了分化，在更新世期间。六种姊妹物种对中的任何一个都不能拒绝生态位保守主义的假设。姐妹物种之间的生态位相似性最适合保留模型。尽管此框架用于推断生态位演化，但它对人口迁移，运输网络扩展和气候变化情景驱动的空间矢量动态有直接影响。

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