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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences >Evaluation of soil erosion rates in the southern half of the Russian Plain: methodology and initial results
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Evaluation of soil erosion rates in the southern half of the Russian Plain: methodology and initial results

机译：俄罗斯平原南半部水土流失率评估：方法和初步结果

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摘要

The Russian Plain (RP) is divided into two principally different parts. The northern half of the RP is a predominantly forested area with a low proportion of arable fields. In contrast, the southern half of the RP has a very high proportion of arable land. During the last 30??years, this agricultural region of the RP has experienced considerable land use transformation and changes in precipitation due to climate change have altered soil erosion rates. This paper describes the use of erosion model calculations and GIS spatial analytical methods for the evaluation of trends in erosion rates in the RP. Climate change (RIHMI World Data Center, 2016), land use transformation and crop rotation modification (Rosstat, 2016; R Core Team, 2016) are the main factors governing erosion rates in the region during recent decades. It was determined that mean annual erosion rates have decreased from 7.3 to 4.1a?ˉta?ˉhasupa??1/supa?ˉyrsupa??1/sup in the forest zone mostly because of the serious reduction in the surface runoff coefficient for periods of snowmelt. At the same time, the erosion rates have increased from 3.9 to 4.6a?ˉta?ˉhasupa??1/supa?ˉyrsupa??1/sup in the steppe zone due to the increasing frequency of heavy rain-storms.
机译：俄罗斯平原（RP）分为两个主要不同的部分。 RP的北半部主要是森林地区，耕地比例低。相比之下，RP的南部一半具有很高的耕地比例。在过去的30年中，RP的这个农业地区经历了相当大的土地利用变化，由于气候变化而引起的降水变化改变了土壤侵蚀率。本文介绍了使用侵蚀模型计算和GIS空间分析方法评估RP中侵蚀速率趋势的方法。气候变化（RIHMI世界数据中心，2016），土地利用转化和农作物轮作改良（Rosstat，2016; R Core Team，2016）是控制该地区近几十年来侵蚀率的主要因素。经确定，林区的年平均侵蚀率已从7.3a降低至4.1a？tata？haha a ?? a？yryr a ?? 1 融雪期间地表径流系数的严重降低。同时，由于干旱，草原地区的侵蚀速率从3.9a？tata？ˉha a ?? 1 a？ˉyr a ?? 1 增加到4.6a暴雨的频率越来越高。

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