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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Nutrition Society >How important is the relative balance of fat and carbohydrate as sources of energy in relation to health?
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How important is the relative balance of fat and carbohydrate as sources of energy in relation to health?

机译：相对于健康而言，脂肪和碳水化合物作为能量来源的相对平衡有多重要？

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Both the intake of fat, especially saturated trans fatty acids, and refined carbohydrates, particularly sugar, have been linked to increased risk of obesity, diabetes and CVD. Dietary guidelines are generally similar throughout the world, restrict both intake of SFA and added sugar to no more than 10 and 35 % energy for total fat and recommend 50 % energy from carbohydrates being derived from unrefined cereals, tubers, fruit and vegetables. Current evidence favours partial replacement of SFA with PUFA with regard to risk of CVD. The translation of these macronutrient targets into food-based dietary guidelines is more complex because some high-fat foods play an important part in meeting nutrient requirements as well as influencing the risk of chronic disease. Some of the recent controversies surrounding the significance of sugar and the type of fat in the diet are discussed. Finally, data from a recently published randomised controlled trial are presented to show the impact of following current dietary guidelines on cardiovascular risk and nutrient intake compared with a traditional UK diet.
机译：摄入脂肪（尤其是饱和反式脂肪酸）和精制碳水化合物（尤其是糖）都与肥胖，糖尿病和CVD的风险增加有关。全世界的饮食指南普遍相似，将SFA和添加的糖的摄入量限制在不超过总脂肪能量的10％和35％，并建议从未经精制的谷物，块茎，水果和蔬菜中提取的碳水化合物的能量含量应占50％。关于CVD的风险，当前证据支持用PUFA部分替代SFA。将这些大量营养素目标转化为以食物为基础的饮食指南更为复杂，因为某些高脂食品在满足营养素需求以及影响慢性病风险方面发挥着重要作用。讨论了一些有关糖的重要性和饮食中脂肪类型的近期争议。最后，来自最近发表的一项随机对照试验的数据显示了与传统的英国饮食相比，遵循现行饮食指南对心血管风险和营养摄入的影响。

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