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Branching out

机译：分支出来

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Humans are unique. Whichever way you look at it. We can talk. We can write. We can build skyscrapers, make art, design weapons and be a general nuisance to many other life forms. About 2.5 million years ago however, our ancestors could not. So what happened? Something was needed to modify brain structure and spark off another form of intelligence. Genetic mutations are the answer to this. And natural selection of course. There is a gene, known as SRGAP2, which is found in the brain tissues of humans and our closest relatives - chimpanzees, gorillas and orang-utans. It so happens that SRGAP2 has a duplicate - SRGAP2C - which seems to be found only in humans. SRGAP2C is thought to have appeared at about the time the Homo genus emerged from the ancestral Australopithecus genus, around 2.5 million years ago. This would suggest that SRGAP2C had a pivotal role in forging the human brain, and was engaged in shifting our ancestors' somewhat rudimentary behaviour to more sophisticated ways.
机译：人类是独一无二的。无论您以哪种方式看待它。我们可以谈。我们可以写。我们可以建造摩天大楼，制造艺术品，设计武器，并成为许多其他生活形式的普遍障碍。但是，大约250万年前，我们的祖先就没有。所以发生了什么事？需要一些东西来改变大脑结构并激发另一种形式的智力。基因突变就是解决这个问题的方法。当然是自然选择。在人类和我们的近亲中，黑猩猩，大猩猩和红毛猩猩的大脑组织中发现了一种称为SRGAP2的基因。碰巧SRGAP2有一个副本-SRGAP2C-似乎仅在人类中发现。人们认为SRGAP2C大约在250万年前从祖先古猿属中出现时才出现。这表明SRGAP2C在锻造人脑中起着关键作用，并且致力于将我们祖先的基本行为转变为更复杂的方式。

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