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Measurement of household food security in the USA and other industrialised countries

机译：美国和其他工业化国家中家庭粮食安全的衡量

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Objective: To describe the history and current status of household food security measurement.Conclusions:In the 1980s evidence of rising levels of hunger was a concern for many, but disputed by some, Americans. Acknowledgement and quantification of hunger was hindered by the lack of an accepted definition and measure of hunger. Qualitative research at Cornell provided a conceptual framework, description, definition and survey items for hunger. The Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project developed an instrument used in numerous communities. Based upon these initiatives, widely accepted definitions of hunger and food insecurity, and the US Household Food Security Module for its measurement, now exist. The module classifies households as food-secure, or food-insecure without hunger or with moderate or severe hunger, and contains household-, adult- and child-referent items. Its inclusion in the Current Population Survey (CPS) since 1995 has yielded annual estimates of food insecurity. A six-item short form of the module, for surveys with severe time constraints, classifies households only as food-secure or food-insecure without or with hunger and contains no child-specific items. Surveys using the 18-item or short-form module can compare results with published national data from the CPS. Information about the module is available at http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/foodsecurity and http://www.fns.usda/fsec. Current research on food security measurement includes measurement of individual food insecurity and hunger, module performance regarding hunger duration and frequency, performance of the module in population subgroups, and the effect of translations on module meaning and performance. National surveys in Canada, New Zealand and Australia also have measured food security.
机译：目的：描述家庭粮食安全测量的历史和现状。结论：在1980年代，饥饿水平上升的证据是许多美国人关心的问题，但受到一些美国人的质疑。缺乏公认的饥饿定义和衡量标准阻碍了对饥饿的认识和量化。康奈尔大学的定性研究提供了饥饿的概念框架，描述，定义和调查项目。社区儿童饥饿识别项目开发了一种在众多社区中使用的工具。基于这些举措，现在已经存在被广泛接受的关于饥饿和粮食不安全的定义，以及用于衡量的美国家庭粮食安全模块。该模块将家庭分为粮食安全或无饥饿或中度或重度饥饿的粮食不安全，并包含家庭，成人和儿童相关项目。自1995年以来，将其纳入当前人口调查（CPS）已得出了粮食不安全的年度估计数。该模块有六个项目的简短形式，用于具有严格时间限制的调查，仅将家庭分为粮食安全型或粮食安全型，无或带有饥饿，并且不包含针对儿童的项目。使用18个项目或简短模块的调查可以将结果与CPS发布的国家数据进行比较。有关该模块的信息，请访问http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/foodsecurity和http：//www.fns.usda/fsec。当前对粮食安全测量的研究包括对单个粮食不安全和饥饿的测量，有关饥饿持续时间和频率的模块性能，人口亚组中模块的性能以及翻译对模块含义和性能的影响。加拿大，新西兰和澳大利亚的国家调查也测量了粮食安全。

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