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The provisioning of collective goods by MNEs in emerging markets

机译：跨国公司在新兴市场中提供集体商品

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Purpose This paper aims to determine the essential “collective goods” which a foreign multinational enterprise (MNE) must have before production can start in a remote area of an emerging economy, and to consider the alternative governance modes available to procure or create these goods. Design/methodology/approach This purpose is examined conceptually and theoretically. First, the concept of “collective goods” is presented, followed by a consideration of the traditional “buy, ally or make” contractual approaches available to obtain goods and services. These approaches are repositioned in the context of an “emerging economy” so that alternative “ordering systems” as well as “non-contractual” means of obtaining things have to be considered in the context of internalization and reciprocity theories. Findings It is difficult to obtain collective goods in remote areas of emerging economies where private ordering prevails and even succeeds but at high transaction costs and with substantial government intervent...
机译：目的本文旨在确定外国跨国企业（MNE）在新兴经济体的偏远地区开始生产之前必须具备的基本“集体商品”，并考虑可用于购买或创造这些商品的替代治理模式。设计/方法/方法此目的在概念和理论上进行了检查。首先，提出“集体货物”的概念，然后考虑传统的“购买，盟约或制造”合同方法可用于获得货物和服务。这些方法是在“新兴经济”的背景下重新定位的，因此必须在内部化和互惠理论的背景下，考虑获得事物的替代“订购系统”和“非合同”手段。调查结果难以在新兴经济体的偏远地区获得集体产品，在这些偏远地区，私人订购盛行甚至成功，但交易成本高昂，而且政府进行了大量干预...

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