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Public Spaces in Lithuanian Cities: Legacy of Dependence and Recent Tendencies

机译：立陶宛城市中的公共空间：依存的遗产和近期趋势

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The object of discussion of the current paper is transformations of urban public spaces since Czarist Russia's colonial rule up to the period after the restoration of Lithuania's independence. While reviewing the transformations of public spaces (first and foremost squares) of the country's larger cities, the authors noted that this field is distinguished by extremely contradictory tendencies: on one hand, we are dealing with the urban legacy of previous regime as well as its impact on the “physiognomies” of Lithuanian cities as well as hurried often premature attempts to change the earlier function of public spaces simply by eliminating the symbols of Soviet ideology continued; on the other, a rapid campaign for creating new ideological symbols related to independence was launched, which often involved sacrificing the actual function of public spaces and the artistic quality of monuments. It is noted that similar processes took place in the earlier periods of history: whenever the repertoire of certain visual signs and symbols was exhausted, in urbanistic spaces it would be replaced with the visual symbols of the new era and a new structure of a public space. One more tendency of restructuring public spaces has recently become distinct: under the influence of interests of private capital, part of the former traditional city squares with monuments is being converted into parking lots or other uses changing their functions and meaning.
机译：本文的讨论对象是自沙皇俄国殖民统治以来到立陶宛恢复独立后的这段时期内城市公共空间的转变。在回顾该国较大城市的公共空间（第一和最主要的广场）的变化时，作者指出，该领域的特点是相互矛盾的趋势：一方面，我们正在处理前政权及其遗留的城市遗产。对立陶宛城市“地貌”的影响以及匆忙进行的过早尝试，只是通过消除苏联意识形态的象征来改变公共场所的早期功能。另一方面，它发起了一场迅速的运动，以创造与独立有关的新的意识形态符号，这往往涉及牺牲公共空间的实际功能和纪念碑的艺术品质。应当指出，类似的过程发生在历史的早期：每当某些视觉标志和符号的库用尽时，在城市空间中，它将被新时代的视觉符号和公共空间的新结构所取代。 。公共空间改组的另一趋势最近变得很明显：在私人资本利益的影响下，部分带有纪念碑的传统传统城市广场正被转变成停车场或改变其功能和意义的其他用途。

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