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The role of angiogenic factors in endometrial cancer

机译:血管生成因子在子宫内膜癌中的作用

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Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy within the female reproductive system (37.7%). The incidence increases with age. Frequently this type of cancer is diagnosed in peri- and post-menopausal women. 60-70% of cancers occur in women over 60 years of age, and less than 5% in women below 40 years of age. Angiogenesis is a?process of formation of new microvessels from existing capillaries. There are four different mechanisms of new vessel growth: sprouting, intussusception, vessel elongation and incorporation of endothelial progenitor cells into new microvessels. Angiogenesis plays important roles in growth of endometrial cancers. This process is controlled by many angiogenic factors, for example vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF is the most powerful and most specific endothelial cell growth factor. It plays a?crucial role in the initiation of physiological and pathological angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and vasculogenesis. The VEGF family consists of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, VEGF-F and PLGF (placental growth factor). The effects of VEGF are mediated through binding to the two specific and homologous receptors VEGFR-1 (FLT-1) and VEGFR-2 (KDR). Placental growth factor (PLGF) belongs to the VEGF family and it is also a?very important growth factor. So far four isoforms of PLGF have been identified: PLGF-1 (PLGF131), PLGF-2 (PLGF152), PLGF-3 (PLGF203) and PLGF-4 (PLGF224).
机译:子宫内膜癌是女性生殖系统中最常见的恶性肿瘤(37.7%)。发病率随年龄增加。通常,这种类型的癌症是在绝经前后妇女中诊断出来的。 60-70%的癌症发生在60岁以上的女性中,而不到40%的女性在40岁以下的女性中发生。血管生成是从现有毛细血管形成新的微血管的过程。新血管的生长有四种不同的机制:发芽,肠套叠,血管伸长和内皮祖细胞掺入新的微血管。血管生成在子宫内膜癌的生长中起重要作用。该过程由许多血管生成因子控制,例如血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)。 VEGF是最强大,最特异的内皮细胞生长因子。它在生理和病理性血管生成,淋巴血管生成和血管生成的启动中起重要作用。 VEGF家族由VEGF-A,VEGF-B,VEGF-C,VEGF-D,VEGF-E,VEGF-F和PLGF(胎盘生长因子)组成。 VEGF的作用是通过与两种特异性和同源受体VEGFR-1(FLT-1)和VEGFR-2(KDR)结合而介导的。胎盘生长因子(PLGF)属于VEGF家族,它也是非常重要的生长因子。到目前为止,已鉴定出PLGF的四种同工型:PLGF-1(PLGF131),PLGF-2(PLGF152),PLGF-3(PLGF203)和PLGF-4(PLGF224)。

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