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Neuropsychology of bipolar disorder

机译：躁郁症的神经心理学

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Background Although the presence of wide-ranging neuropsychological deficits in individuals with major depression is well established, few studies have investigated the nature of cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder. Aims To review research of the neuropsychology of bipolar disorder, with special attention to the relationship between mood and cognitive functioning. Method Literature review. Results Findings generally demonstrate mania-related impairments on conventional neuropsychological tests, with direct comparisons of patients with mania and patients with depression failing to find group differences. More recent work has sought to differentiate these disorders by employing tasks with affective components. This research has demonstrated biases for processing positive and negative stimuli in patients with mania and depression, respectively. Conclusions Future studies, employing tasks that require cognitive and emotional processing, should improve our understanding of the deficits observed in depression and mania. Neuroimaging studies of the neural regions that underlie cognitive processing of affective meaning suggest that the medial and orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex may be particularly involved.
机译：背景技术尽管重症抑郁症患者存在广泛的神经心理学缺陷，但很少有研究调查双相情感障碍患者认知障碍的性质。目的回顾双相情感障碍的神经心理学研究，特别注意情绪与认知功能之间的关系。方法文献复习。结果发现通常显示出在常规神经心理学测试中与躁狂症相关的损伤，躁狂症患者与抑郁症患者的直接比较未能发现群体差异。最近的工作试图通过使用具有情感成分的任务来区分这些疾病。这项研究已经证明，在躁狂和抑郁症患者中，处理正和负刺激分别存在偏见。结论未来的研究采用需要认知和情感处理的任务，应该会增进我们对抑郁症和躁狂症中观察到的缺陷的理解。对情感意义的认知加工基础的神经区域的神经影像学研究表明，内侧和眶额前额叶皮层可能特别参与其中。

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