Background Autobiographical memory retrieval is impaired in schizophrenia. Aims To determine the neural basis of this impairment. Method Thirteen patients with schizophrenia and 14 healthy controls performed an autobiographical memory retrieval task based on cue words during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were selected on the basis of their ability to perform the task and all participants received training. Results Although patients and controls activated a similar brain network during autobiographical memory retrieval, patients displayed decreased activation in several of these regions, including the anterior cingulate cortex, left lateral prefrontal cortex, right cerebellum and ventral tegmental area (ka??10, P 0.001, uncorrected). In addition, activation of the caudate nuclei was negatively correlated with retrieval performance in controls but positively correlated with performance in patients. Conclusions The autobiographical memory retrieval brain network is impaired in schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia display decreased activation of the cognitive control network during retrieval, possibly due to aberrant functioning of the dorsal striatum.
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