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Moving from correlative science to predictive oncology

机译:从相关科学转向预测肿瘤学

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Many diagnostic entities traditionally viewed as individual diseases are heterogeneous in molecular pathogenesis and treatment responsiveness. This results in treatment of many patients with ineffective drugs, the conduct of large clinical trials to identify small average treatment benefits for heterogeneous groups of patients. In oncology, genomic technologies provide powerful tools for identification of patients who require systemic treatment and for selecting the most appropriate drug. Development of drugs with companion diagnostics, however, increases the complexity of clinical development and requires new approaches to the design and analysis of clinical trials. Adapting to the fundamental importance of tumor genomics will require paradigm changes for clinical and statistical investigators in academia, industry and government. In this paper we attempt to address some of these issues and to comment specifically on the design of clinical studies for evaluating the clinical utility and robustness of prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
机译:传统上被视为个体疾病的许多诊断实体在分子发病机理和治疗反应性方面均不相同。这导致许多患者使用无效的药物治疗,进行了大型临床试验,以确定异类患者的平均治疗获益较小。在肿瘤学中,基因组技术为识别需要全身治疗的患者以及选择最合适的药物提供了强大的工具。然而,伴随诊断剂的药物开发增加了临床开发的复杂性,并且需要用于临床试验设计和分析的新方法。适应肿瘤基因组学的基本重要性,将要求学术界,行业和政府的临床和统计研究人员进行范式更改。在本文中,我们尝试解决其中的一些问题,并特别对临床研究的设计进行评论,以评估临床效用以及对预后和预测性生物标志物的鲁棒性。

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