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Evaluation Of Antiulcer Activity Of Ocimum Sanctum And Its Mechanism In Animal Models

机译：动物模型中圣殿的抗溃疡活性评价及其作用机理

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The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the antiulcer activity of ocimum sanctum and to explore its mechanism of action. In this study, ocimum sanctum leaf extract was investigated for its activity against aspirin induced gastric ulcers in albino rats. The drug showed significant activity in the doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. To explore the mechanism, its activity was observed on oxytocin induced contractions in rat uterus. It exhibited a significant potentiation of the height of contraction induced by oxytocin. The maximum potentiation was observed in the dose of 0.5 mg/ml which may be due to enhanced synthesis of prostaglandins since they are mediators of uterine contractions. This indicates a cytoprotective mechanism for the antiulcer activity of ocimum sanctum. Introduction Ulcerations in the gastrointestinal mucosa are excavated defects that results when epithelial cells succumb to the caustic effects of acid and pepsin. The drugs currently available for peptic ulcer may be associated with adverse effects, patient non-compliance, drug resistance and disease relapse. Some of the drugs may be expensive which may again lead to patient non-compliance and recurrence of peptic ulcer disease 1 Therefore, for this research project, a herbal drug (plant), ocimum sanctum was selected to study its effect on peptic ulceration as well as the mechanism of action in some animal models.Ocimum sanctum is an erect hairy annual herb, found throughout India upto an altitude of 1800m in the Himalayas2. It has been claimed to be useful as a diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, febrifuge and vermifuge. It is also useful in cardiopathy, asthma, otalgia, hepatopathy, vomiting, genitourinary disorders and skin diseases3.Though the antiulcer activity of ocimum sanctum has been evaluated, 4,5,6,7studies in this regard are limited and the mechanism of action has not been explored.Therefore, it was decided to evaluate the antiulcer activity of ocimum sanctum and to explore its mechanism of action in some animal models. Materials and Methods Animals Albino rats: Healthy adult albino rats of either sex, weighing between 120-180 gm were used to induce gastric ulcers with aspirin. Virgin female rats were used to evaluate the effect of test drug on oxytocin induced uterine contractions. They were caged under standard conditions and were allowed to acclimatise to their surroundings for one week before subjecting them to experimentation. Prior to experimentation permission was taken from institutional ethical committee. Drugs and Chemicals Test drug: Fresh leaves of the plant ocimum sanctum were collected during the month of April from a local area in Sevagram and were shade dried and powdered. A hydro alcoholic (70% V/V) extract of shade dried fresh leaves of ocimum sanctum was prepared. This extract was again shade dried and was used to prepare an aqueous solution in desired concentration just before use every time. The same extract was used for all the experiments. Acetyl salicylic acid or Aspirin (Salg pharma): A 2% suspension in gum acacia was prepared in distilled water and diluted to get the desired concentration. Ranitidine (Ranbaxy, India): It was diluted in distilled water to get the desired concentration. Oxytocin (Novartis, India): It was prepared in distilled water just before use. Oestradiol valerate (German remedies, India): Solution was prepared in desired concentration before use. De Jalon’s Physiologic salt solution for rat uterus: NaCl - 9 gm/L, KCl - 0.42 gm /L, CaCl2 –0.06 gm/L, NaHCO3 - 0.5 gm/L and Glucose - 0.5 gm added to 1 litre of distilled water Method for antiulcer activity Before experimentation or induction of ulcers, the animals were kept fasting for 24 hours but were allowed free access to water. They were caged in wire-meshed cages having a plate at the base to avoid coprophagy. The animals were divided randomly into five groups of six animals each. Group I received distilled water (10ml/kg) orally and s
机译：进行本研究的目的是评估圣殿的抗溃疡活性并探讨其作用机理。在这项研究中，研究了圣殿圣叶提取物对白化病大鼠中阿司匹林诱发的胃溃疡的活性。该药物在100 mg / kg和200 mg / kg的剂量下显示出显着的活性。为了探索其机理，观察了其在催产素诱导的大鼠子宫收缩中的活性。它表现出催产素诱导的收缩高度的显着增强。在0.5mg / ml的剂量下观察到最大的增强作用，这可能是由于前列腺素的合成增强，因为它们是子宫收缩的介质。这表明了圣殿的抗溃疡活性的细胞保护机制。引言消化道黏膜溃疡是由上皮细胞屈服于酸和胃蛋白酶的苛性作用而引起的挖出的缺损。当前可用于消化性溃疡的药物可能与不良反应，患者不依从性，耐药性和疾病复发相关。一些药物可能很昂贵，可能再次导致患者不依从和复发性消化性溃疡病1。因此，在本研究项目中，选择了一种草药（植物）圣殿来研究其对消化性溃疡的作用顶叶圣殿是一种一年生的直立多毛草本植物，在印度整个喜马拉雅山海拔1800m处都可以发现。据称它可用作发汗的，利尿的，祛痰剂，发泻药和驱虫药。它也可用于心脏病，哮喘，中耳痛，肝病，呕吐，泌尿生殖系统疾病和皮肤病3。尽管已评估了圣殿圣堂的抗溃疡活性，但在这方面有4,5,6,7个研究受到限制，并且作用机理已有所研究。因此，决定在一些动物模型中评估圣殿的抗溃疡活性并探讨其作用机理。材料和方法动物白化病大鼠：体重介于120-180 gm之间的健康的成年白化病大鼠，性别各异，用阿司匹林诱发胃溃疡。使用处女雌性大鼠评估测试药物对催产素引起的子宫收缩的作用。将他们关在标准条件下，让它们适应周围环境一周，然后再进行实验。在进行实验之前，已获得机构伦理委员会的许可。药物和化学药品测试药物：4月间，从塞瓦格拉姆（Sevagram）的某个地方收集了圣殿植物的新鲜叶子，并进行了阴凉干燥和粉化。制备了阴森干燥的新鲜圣殿叶子的氢乙醇提取物（70％V / V）。将该提取物再次进行阴干，并在每次使用前将其用于制备所需浓度的水溶液。所有实验均使用相同的提取物。乙酰水杨酸或阿司匹林（Salg pharma）：在蒸馏水中制备2％的阿拉伯树胶悬浮液，并稀释至所需浓度。雷尼替丁（雷尼替丁，印度）：用蒸馏水稀释至所需浓度。催产素（印度诺瓦蒂斯）：使用前在蒸馏水中制备。戊酸雌二醇（德国，印度）：使用前将溶液制备成所需浓度。 De Jalon的大鼠子宫生理盐溶液：NaCl-9 gm / L，KCl-0.42 gm / L，CaCl2 –0.06 gm / L，NaHCO3-0.5 gm / L和葡萄糖-0.5 gm加入​​1升蒸馏水中抗溃疡活性在实验或诱发溃疡之前，将动物禁食24小时，但允许其自由饮水。将它们关在铁丝网笼中，该铁丝网笼的底部有一块板，以防止共同繁殖。将动物随机分为五组，每组六只。第一组口服蒸馏水（10ml / kg）

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