Gynaecomastia, enlargement of breast tissue as opposed to adipose tissue is a rare side effect of antitubercular chemotherapy. Here we report a case of Isoniazid induced gynaecomastia because of rarity and for purpose of documentation. Introduction Isoniazid induced gynaecomastia, enlargement of breast tissue as opposed to adipose tissue 1 is one of the rare but non-serious side effect of antitubercular chemotherapy. Although Isoniazid has been implicated as a cause of gynaecomastia, the descriptions in literature is sparse, only one case has been reported from India 2 and two from France 3,4. We describe here a case of gynaecomastia that had Isoniazid as its etiological basis. Case Report HR 50 years old, smoker, non alcoholic, patient presented with the complaints of haemoptysis, fever for one month and cough with expectoration for twenty days. On examination patient had bronchial tubular breath sounds in the right suprascapular and interscapular areas. His sputum was positive for acid-fast bacilli and diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was made. He had history of having taken DOTS Category III regimen for pleural effusion 4 years back and was put on Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide and on injectable Streptomycin. During the course of treatment patient developed bilateral breast enlargement (Fig1,2). On examination patient had bilateral tender mobile, 3×4 cm in diameter breast lumps while ultrasonogram of breast showed glandular tissue hyperplasia Ultrasonogram of external genitalia revealed no abnormality. His Leutinizing hormone 6.3m IU/ml [0.7-7.4], follicle stimulating hormone 2.9m IU/ml[1.0-14.0], prolactin 2.3ng/ml[1.8-17 ng/mL], testosterone 10ng/ml[3-20 ng/mL], progesterone [0.3ng/ml], estradiol 45.9 pg/mL [21-79 pg/mL] and hepatic and renal function tests were all within normal limits. Thus diagnosis of Isoniazid induced gynaecomastia was made and isoniazid was stopped. Patient has now completed his course of antitubercular treatment and is now in follow-up. His breast swelling has resolved in size to some extent and has become nontender.
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机译：男性乳房发育症，与脂肪组织相反，乳房组织增大是抗结核化疗的罕见副作用。在这里，我们报告一例因稀有且出于记录目的而异烟肼诱发的妇科疾病。简介异烟肼诱导的妇科发育不良，乳房组织相对于脂肪组织1的肿大，是抗结核化疗罕见但不严重的副作用之一。尽管异烟肼被认为是引起女性乳房发育的原因，但文献中的描述很少，但印度2例报道1例，法国3例2例。我们在这里描述了一例以异烟肼为病因的妇科发育异常的病例。病例报告HR 50岁，吸烟，不酗酒，患者出现咯血，发烧1个月，咳嗽伴咳嗽20天。检查时，患者在肩cap上和肩s间区域有支气管小管呼吸音。他的痰中抗酸杆菌阳性，并诊断出肺结核。他在4年前曾接受过DOTS III类治疗以进行胸腔积液的病史，并曾接受异烟肼，利福平，乙胺丁醇，吡嗪酰胺和可注射链霉素治疗。在治疗过程中，患者双侧乳房增大（图1,2）。经检查，患者双侧压痛性移动，乳房肿块直径为3×4 cm，而乳房超声检查显示腺体组织增生，外生殖器超声检查未发现异常。他的白化激素6.3m IU / ml [0.7-7.4]，促卵泡激素2.9m IU / ml [1.0-14.0]，催乳素2.3ng / ml [1.8-17 ng / mL]，睾丸激素10ng / ml [3-20] ng / mL]，孕酮[0.3ng / ml]，雌二醇45.9 pg / mL [21-79 pg / mL]和肝肾功能检查均在正常范围内。因此，作出了异烟肼诱发的妇科发育的诊断，并停止了异烟肼。患者现在已经完成了他的抗结核治疗过程，并且正在接受随访。他的乳房肿胀在某种程度上已经消退，并且变得不嫩。
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