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首页> 外文期刊>The Internet Journal of Academic Physician Assistants >Exploring Gender Differences on Risk Taking Behaviors, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Perception of Risk for Human Papillomavirus
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Exploring Gender Differences on Risk Taking Behaviors, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Perception of Risk for Human Papillomavirus

机译：探索人类乳头瘤病毒的冒险行为，态度，知识和风险感知上的性别差异

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Objective: To examine gender differences among college students’ HPV knowledge, perception of risk for HPV, and risk-taking behaviors. Methods: Seventy-eight college students from an urban area in the Midwestern United States completed an online survey assessing risk-taking behaviors and knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer, as well as the HPV vaccine. Univariate and bivariate statistics were used to assess gender differences in knowledge, vaccine acceptance, and sexual behaviors and substance use.Results: The majority of participants identified as gay and reported engaging in substance use and risky sexual behaviors. Females were more knowledgeable about risk factors for cervical cancer, while some differences were identified for vaccine acceptance and screening behavior.Conclusions: Both male and female college students require targeted prevention education that is also sensitive to gender and sexual orientation in order to decrease their risk for HPV, other STDs, cervical cancer, and substance use. Background Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the United States and is the leading cause of cervical cancer. HPV is transmitted through sexual intercourse, with the highest prevalence among women between the ages of 22 and 25 (1). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), over 30 million people are infected with HPV, and at least 50% of sexually active men and women acquire genital HPV infection at some point in their lives; by age 50, at least 80% of women have acquired HPV infection (2). In 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a vaccine, Gardasil, to protect against HPV. Gardasil protects against four strains of HPV: HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. HPV-11 causes 90% of genital warts, while HPV-16 and HPV-18 cause 70% of cervical cancer (3). Although cervical cancer is most commonly found in middle-aged or elderly women, HPV is usually acquired through sexual transmission at much younger ages, often in adolescence (4). Therefore, risky sexual behaviors during adolescence and early adulthood can have long-term consequences for health in later adulthood. This is true partially because adolescence and early adulthood is a period of sexual experimentation and irregular access to medical care. In the past 15 years, a number of researchers have examined college students’ knowledge of HPV in relation to risk-taking behaviors (1,5-7). Key findings from this body of work indicate that: sexually active American college women and men lack awareness of HPV; more than half of sampled students were sexually active; and they engaged in multiple risky behaviors such as substance use, unprotected sex, smoking, and multiple sexual partners (1,5-7,8). However, a number of gaps still exist in the literature. For instance, among studies that have examined HPV knowledge in college students, few have surveyed both men and women, and limited empirical research exists on college students’ knowledge of both cervical cancer and the relevance of HPV/cervical cancer screening. Although a number of advertising and educational campaigns have been associated with the release of the vaccine, college students may still have limited knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer. This pilot study seeks to provide a better understanding of both male and female college students’ HPV and cervical cancer knowledge, their perception of risk for HPV, screening behaviors, and involvement in risk-taking behaviors. Methods SampleThe Young Adult Health Study (YAHS) was a cross-sectional pilot study of young adults that was designed to examine the extent of college students’ HPV and cervical cancer knowledge, perception of HPV risk, knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer, screening behavior, and involvement in risk-taking behaviors. Participants were recruited between November 2008 and June 2009 from college campuses in an urban area in the Midwest. To be
机译：目的：探讨大学生对HPV知识，对HPV风险的感知以及冒险行为之间的性别差异。方法：来自美国中西部城市地区的78名大学生完成了一项在线调查，评估有关人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和宫颈癌以及HPV疫苗的冒险行为，知识，态度和信念。单变量和双变量统计数据用于评估知识，疫苗接受程度，性行为和药物使用方面的性别差异。结果：大多数参与者被确定为同性恋者，并报告从事药物使用和危险的性行为。女性对子宫颈癌的危险因素更加了解，同时在疫苗接受和筛查行为方面也发现了一些差异。结论：男女大学生都需要有针对性的预防教育，对性别和性取向也要敏感，以降低患病风险用于HPV，其他性病，子宫颈癌和药物使用。背景技术人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是美国最常见的性传播疾病（STD），并且是宫颈癌的主要原因。 HPV通过性交传播，在22至25岁的女性中患病率最高（1）。根据疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的数据，超过3000万人感染了HPV，并且在性生活活跃的男女中，至少有50％在其生命中的某个时刻感染了生殖器HPV。到50岁时，至少80％的女性感染了HPV（2）。 2006年，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准了Gardasil疫苗来预防HPV。 Gardasil可预防四种HPV株：HPV 6、11、16和18。HPV-11引起90％的生殖器疣，而HPV-16和HPV-18引起70％的宫颈癌（3）。尽管宫颈癌最常见于中年或老年妇女，但HPV通常是在年轻时通过性传播途径获得的，通常在青春期（4）。因此，青春期和成年初期的危险性行为可能对成年后期的健康产生长期影响。之所以如此，部分原因是青春期和成年初期是性试验和不定期获得医疗服务的时期。在过去的15年中，许多研究人员检查了大学生对HPV与冒险行为的相关知识（1,5-7）。该工作的主要发现表明：在美国，从事性活动的美国大学男女对HPV缺乏认识;超过一半的抽样学生性生活活跃;并且他们从事多种危险行为，例如吸毒，不受保护的性行为，吸烟和多性伴侣（1,5-7,8）。但是，文献中仍然存在许多空白。例如，在研究大学生中HPV知识的研究中，很少对男性和女性都进行过调查，关于大学生对子宫颈癌的知识以及HPV /宫颈癌筛查的相关性的经验研究有限。尽管与疫苗的发布相关联的广告和教育活动很多，但大学生对HPV和宫颈癌的了解仍然有限。这项初步研究旨在更好地理解男女大学生的HPV和子宫颈癌知识，他们对HPV风险的感知，筛查行为以及参与冒险行为。方法样本青年成人健康研究（YAHS）是一项针对年轻人的横断面先导研究，旨在检查大学生的HPV和宫颈癌知识程度，HPV风险感知，HPV和宫颈癌知识，筛查行为，并参与冒险行为。在2008年11月至2009年6月之间从中西部市区的大学校园招募了参与者。成为

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