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首页> 外文期刊>The Internet Journal of Infectious Diseases >Perceptions and assessment of risk factors in Schistosoma haematobium infection in Buruku and Katsina-Ala Local Government Areas of Benue State-Nigeria
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Perceptions and assessment of risk factors in Schistosoma haematobium infection in Buruku and Katsina-Ala Local Government Areas of Benue State-Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚贝努埃州布卢古和卡茨纳-阿拉地方政府地区血吸虫血吸虫感染的危险因素的认识和评估

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摘要

Schistosomiasis is one of the neglected diseases in tropical Africa that continues to plague inhabitants of sub-urban and rural areas where there are little or no safe water outlets. This study investigated urinary schistosomiasis infection in relation to knowledge, attitudes and practices of people in Buruku and Katsina-Ala Local Government Areas of Benue State, Nigeria. Using standard parasitological method (Filtration technique) to examine the urine, 335 (44.66%) were infected with Schistosoma haematobium eggs out of the 750 urine samples examined from school children and communities. Questionnaires were administered to each participant to collect information on socio-demographic data, knowledge on the causes of urinary schistosomiasis and risk factors in Schistosoma haematobium infection. Children of farmers recorded the peak of infection with 159 (24.37%). Inhabitants of the area mostly linked the disease to other causes like drinking dirty water 195(29.63%) among whose 115 (17.47%) were infected, playing in water 118 (17.93%) among whose 67 (10.18%) were infected, eating unripe fruits 72 (10.98%) among whose 30 (4.00%) were infected. Subjects’ knowledge about the role that fresh water snails play in transmission was low 38 (5.77%). 116 (25.22%) were recorded not having any idea of the cause of the disease and 70 (9.33%) were found infected. Activities like swimming, bathing/playing in water, washing and collection of edible snails from stream, ponds or river significantly correlated with the prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection (P < 0.01) and could be identified as risk factors in the area. There is an urgent need for the launching of a schistosomiasis control programme and development of human resources and materials for health education to decrease the frequency of water contact activities. Introduction Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharziasis is the second most common parasitic disease in the world after malaria. Schistosoma haematobium the causative agent of urinary schistosomiasis develops alternately in humans and fresh water snails. It is estimated that in sub-Saharan Africa, some 436 million are at risk of infection from Schistosoma haematobium, of which 112 million are infected (Van der werf et al., 2003). In Benue State, Nigeria and particularly in the Tiv land, the perceptions that communities have of the potentially deadly disease of urinary schistosomiasis could make challenging the implementation of a control programme. Rice farming during wet season, exploitation of river banks for garden purposes during dry season, dependence of the inhabitants on streams and ponds for drinking water, cooking, washing and recreation are such factors that could contribute to the endemicity of the disease in the area. However, this study was conducted with a view to providing relevant information on the intensity of Schistosoma haematobium infection in relation to socio-economic status, perceptions of the inhabitants and the risk factors that could expose them to infection. Materials and Methods Study AreaThe study area was made of two Local Government Areas ( Buruku and Katsina-Ala) of Benue State, Nigeria. The relative position of these two Local Government Areas in Benue State is about the middle eastern of the state. The area has a monthly temperature between 27, 38oC and 28, 00oC and may go up to a maximum temperature of 30, 08oC and 34, 24oC. The area receives 900-1000 mm of rain annually. The dry season starts in late October and usually ends by March. The rainy season which lasts from April to early October is the period of intensive agricultural activities when the indigenous people of the areas mainly Tivs and Etulo are engaged in farming of crops like yams, guinea corn, maize, rice, sesame and cassava which are the principal food crop and cash crop.Samples Collection and Examination Prior to the commencement of the research, permission was sought from the Chairmen and local education authorities of
机译：血吸虫病是非洲热带地区一种被忽视的疾病，继续困扰着几乎没有安全出水口的郊区和农村地区的居民。这项研究调查了尼日利亚贝努埃州Buruku和Katsina-Ala地方政府区域与人们的知识，态度和行为有关的尿血吸虫病感染。使用标准寄生虫学方法（过滤技术）检查尿液，在从学童和社区检查的750个尿液样本中，有335个（44.66％）感染了血吸虫血红蛋白卵。对每位参与者进行问卷调查，以收集有关社会人口统计学数据的信息，关于血吸虫病的血吸虫病原因和血友病血友病感染危险因素的知识。农民的儿童感染率最高，为159（24.37％）。该地区的居民主要将疾病与其他原因联系起来，例如喝脏水195（29.63％），其中115人（17.47％）被感染，在水118中（17.93％），其中67（10.18％）人被感染，未食用水果中有72个（10.98％）被感染，其中30个（4.00％）被感染。受试者对淡水蜗牛在传播中的作用的了解很低，为38（5.77％）。对病原体一无所知的记录为116（25.22％），而发现感染的为70（9.33％）。诸如游泳，在水中嬉戏/玩耍，清洗和收集溪流，池塘或河流中的可食用蜗牛等活动与血吸虫血吸虫感染的发生率显着相关（P <0.01），并且可以确定为该地区的危险因素。迫切需要启动血吸虫病控制计划并开发用于健康教育的人力资源和材料，以减少与水接触活动的频率。简介血吸虫病，又称胆道疾病，是世界上仅次于疟疾的第二大寄生虫病。血吸虫血吸虫病是人类和淡水蜗牛交替发生的病因。据估计，在撒哈拉以南非洲，约有4.36亿人受到血吸虫血吸虫感染的危险，其中1.12亿人受到感染（Van der werf等，2003）。在尼日利亚的贝努埃州，尤其是在蒂夫州，人们对社区存在尿毒症血吸虫病可能致命的疾病的认识可能会给控制计划的实施带来挑战。潮湿季节的稻米耕作，干旱季节的河岸开发作花园用途，居民对溪流和池塘的依赖，饮用水，烹饪，洗涤和娱乐等都是可能导致该地区流行的因素。但是，进行这项研究的目的是提供有关血吸虫血吸虫感染强度与社会经济状况，居民的看法以及可能使他们受到感染的危险因素有关的信息。材料和方法研究区域研究区域由尼日利亚贝努埃州的两个地方政府区域（Buruku和Katsina-Ala）组成。这两个地方政府地区在贝努埃州的相对位置大约是该州的中东地区。该地区的月度温度在27、38oC和28、00oC之间，最高温度可能达到30、08oC和34、24oC。该地区每年降雨900-1000毫米。旱季始于十月下旬，通常在三月结束。持续从四月到十月初的雨季是集约化农业活动的时期，当时主要是蒂夫斯州和埃图洛地区的土著人民从事农作物的种植，如山药，几内亚玉米，玉米，水稻，芝麻和木薯。主要粮食作物和经济作物。样品的收集和检验在研究开始之前，征得了主席和地方教育当局的许可。

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