Molluscicidal potential of Lantana indica and Alstonia scholaris plants against freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata

Saroj Chauhan; Ajay Singh

摘要

Laboratory evaluation was made to assess the molluscicidal activity of acetone extracts of Alstonia scholaris (family- Apocynaceae) and Lantana indica (family- Verbenaceae) leaf against freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata. This snail is intermediate hosts of liverfluke, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, which causes endemic fascioliasis in cattle and livestock. The toxic effect of both the plants extracts was time as well as dose dependent. There was a significant negative correlation between LC values and exposure periods, thus the LC50 values of Alstonia scholaris leaf acetone extract (ASLAE) was decreased from 25.05 mg/L (24h) to 15.32 mg/L (96h), and from 06.01 mg/L (24h) to 01.31 mg/L (96h) in the case of Lantana indica leaf acetone extract (LILAE). Binary mixture of Lantana indica leaf acetone extract (LILAE) + Alstonia scholaris leaf acetone extract (ASLAE) in 1:5 or 1:1 ratio also shows significant synergistic effect against Lymnaea acuminata. Sub-lethal exposure (20% and 40% of LC50 of 24h) of LILAE and ASLAE either individually or in binary combinations, caused significant reduction in the fecundity, hatchability (of eggs) or survival of the hatchlings (hatched young snails) in comparison to control group. On the other hand exposure of sub-lethal doses of this extract also shows significant time and dose dependent alterations in the level of total protein, total free amino acids, glycogen, nucleic acids and the activity of enzyme protease in nervous and hepatopancreas tissue of snail Lymnaea acuminata. Seven days withdrawal experiment shows, there was highly significant (p<.05) recovery in all the biochemical parameters in both the tissues of snail. Conclusion: Therefore, acetone extract of leaf of Alstonia scholaris and Lantana indica leaf may eventually be of great value for the control of harmful aquatic snails and other molluscan pests. Introduction Freshwater trematode Lymnaea acuminata is the intermediate host of the Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica (1), which causes endemic fascioliasis in cattle and livestock (2). In the Eastern part of Uttar Pradesh, India, the population of this vector snail is pronounced, so the occurance of this disease is very common in this region. Although the snails do not play an active role in transmission of the parasite from one host to other, as do insect vectors; it is an indispensable intermediate host for the development of the parasite (3). A large variety of animals, such as sheep, goat, cattle buffalo, horses donkeys, deer, rats, camels and rabbits, show infection rates that may reach 90% in some areas (4, 5). According to a World Health Organization (6) report the infection was limited in the past to specific and typical geographical areas, but is now widespread throughout the world. One way to tackle the problem of fascioliasis is to destroy the carrier snail and thus remove link in the life cycle of parasite (7). This may be achieved with the aid of molluscicides, (8, 9, 10). Owing to long term persistence and their toxic effects on non-target aquatic organisms (11), the use of synthetic molluscicides is limited. Botanical molluscicides provide an ideal source of low cast, safe and effective molluscicides (12, 10). From ancient time, plants are rich source of effective and safe compounds which are used for different purposes i.e. traditional medicines and control of pests and vectors (13). So control of vector snail through plant origin molluscicides is a very effective and new tool of integrated vector management programme. Plant Lantana indica (Family: Verbinaceae) commonly known as “Indian Lantana” or “Wild Sage”. The leaves of Lantana indica are regarded as a cure for snakebite. Its different parts are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of the various human ailments such as ulcer, eczema eruption, malaria and rheumatism (14, 15, 16). Plant Alstonia scholaris (Family: Apocynaceae) commonly known as “Chatiun”. It is large buttressed, evergree

机译：进行了实验室评估，以评估Alstonia Scholaris（家庭-夹竹桃科）和Lantana indica（家庭-马鞭草科）的丙酮提取液对淡水蜗牛Lymnaea acuminata的杀软体动物活性。这只蜗牛是肝吸虫，肝片Fasciola和巨大片Fasciola gigantica的中间宿主，它们会导致牛和牲畜的地方性筋膜病。两种植物提取物的毒性作用都是时间和剂量依赖性的。 LC值与暴露时间之间存在显着的负相关性，因此，阿尔斯通氏菌叶丙酮提取物（ASLAE）的LC50值从25.05 mg / L（24h）降至15.32 mg / L（96h）和06.01 mg / L马of丹in叶丙酮提取物（LILAE）为L（24h）至01.31 mg / L（96h）。马tana丹in叶丙酮提取物（LILAE）+ ston草叶丙酮提取物（ASLAE）的二元混合物以1：5或1：1的比例也显示出显着的协同作用。相比较而言，单独或以二进制方式组合的LILAE和ASLAE的亚致死暴露（24小时LC50的20％和40％）导致孵化率，孵化率（卵）或孵化率（孵出的年轻蜗牛）显着降低对照组。另一方面，在蜗牛的神经和肝胰腺组织中，暴露于亚致死剂量的提取物也显示出总蛋白质，总游离氨基酸，糖原，核酸和酶蛋白酶活性水平显着的时间和剂量依赖性变化。雨林。停药7天的实验表明，在蜗牛的两个组织中，所有生化指标均具有非常显着的恢复（p <.05）。结论：因此，Alstonia Scholaris叶和马Lan丹叶的丙酮提取物可能最终对于控制有害水生蜗牛和其他软体动物害虫具有重要价值。引言淡水吸虫Lymnaea acuminata是肝片Fasciola和Fasciola gigantica（1）的中间宿主，这导致牛和牲畜的地方性筋膜病（2）。在印度北方邦的东部，这种媒介蜗牛的种群非常明显，因此这种疾病的发生在该地区非常普遍。尽管蜗牛在寄生虫从一种宿主到另一种宿主的传播中没有起到积极作用，但昆虫媒介却是如此。它是寄生虫发展必不可少的中间宿主（3）。各种动物，例如绵羊，山羊，牛，牛，马，鹿，老鼠，骆驼和兔子，在某些地区的感染率可能达到90％（4，5）。根据世界卫生组织（6）的报告，过去该感染仅限于特定和典型的地理区域，但现在已在全世界广泛传播。解决筋膜病的一种方法是破坏蜗牛，从而消除寄生虫生命周期中的联系（7）。这可以借助于杀软体动物剂（8、9、10）来实现。由于长期的持久性及其对非目标水生生物的毒性作用（11），合成杀软体动物剂的使用受到限制。植物性杀软体动物剂可提供低投药，安全有效的杀软体动物剂的理想来源（12、10）。从远古时代开始，植物就成为有效而安全的化合物的丰富来源，这些化合物可用于不同目的，即传统药物以及对害虫和载体的控制（13）。因此，通过植物来源的杀软体动物剂控制媒介蜗牛是综合媒介管理计划中非常有效和新的工具。种植印度马Lan丹（家庭：马鞭草科），俗称“印度马Lan丹”或“野生鼠尾草”。马Lan丹的叶子被认为是治疗蛇咬的方法。它的不同部分在传统医学中用于治疗各种人类疾病，例如溃疡，湿疹喷发，疟疾和风湿病（14、15、16）。植物Alstonia Scholaris（家族：夹竹桃科）俗称“ Chatiun”。它是大的支撑，永远

Molluscicidal potential of Lantana indica and Alstonia scholaris plants against freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata

摘要

著录项

相似文献

相关主题

期刊订阅