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首页> 外文期刊>The Internet journal of veterinary medicine >Bio-Morphological Characteristics of Bacterial Species Identified from Mastitic Milk Samples of Camel
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Bio-Morphological Characteristics of Bacterial Species Identified from Mastitic Milk Samples of Camel

机译：从骆驼奶乳样品中鉴定出的细菌种类的生物形态学特征

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Eight different bacterial species were identified from mastitic milk samples of camels. The species were Bacillus cereus, Corynebacterium pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Morphologically, they varied from cocci to rod shape and were gram-positive and negative. The bacterial species produced a variety of colonies on different culture media. Some were spherical, swarming and spreading colonies on agar media while in broth granular turbidity with powdery deposits were also seen during investigation. A few of them produced α and β haemolysis of red blood cells in blood agar. Introduction Mastitis is recognized world wide as the most important and costly disease of dairy animals. Field surveys of major livestock diseases in Pakistan have indicated that mastitis is one of the most important health hazards in the country (Ajmal, 1990). Mastitis is caused by interaction of various factors associated with host, pathogens and the environment. Infectious agents like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae are mostly the primary causes of disease. The etiology of mastitis is very complex because a large number of microorganisms are known to cause inflammation of the udder. Generally, well-recognized organisms responsible for mastitis are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysagalatiae, Streptococcus hovis, Corynaebacterium pyogenes, Pseudomonas auroginosa and Escherichia coli etc. (Radostits et al., 2000). Bio-morphological variation in the characteristics of bacterial species that cause mastitis is described by Dewani (2000). In addition, several workers have observed the bio-morphological characteristics of bacterial species through-out the world (Gabbar, 1992; Bergey’s 1992; and Khan & Rind, 2001). So in the following investigation, bio-morphological characteristics from isolation and identification of species, independent of their bio-morphological and antigenic characteristics, were studied and described. Material and Methods Seventy eight clinical mastitic milk samples from different herds of camels were collected in sterilized bijoux bottles (completely wrapped/ covered with aluminum foil) and brought to Central Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (CVDL), Tando Jam, Sindh, Pakistan for isolation and identification of bacterial species. Before collection of samples, the tips of mastitic teats were cleaned with cotton wool moistened with 70% alcohol and few strips of milk were discarded to avoid contamination as much as possible. Before processing the samples, all preparations were made as described by Gabbar (1992). The media to be needed for proper cultivation and inoculation of bacterial organisms were prepared, inoculation and identification characteristics whether of physical, cultural, biochemical and morphological were recorded as adopted by Khan and Rind (2001).The biochemical tests were conducted to confirm the identification of bacterial organisms. For this purpose, oxidase, catalase, coagulase, indole, Voges Proskauer, Urease, methyl red, gelatin liquefaction, Simmon’s Citrate, H2S production, asculin hydrolysis and TSI teats were carried-out (Difco, 1960) while for sugar fermentation properties, nine different sugars of 1% were prepared and used for each bacterium as described by Cruickshank (1970). The sugars were: Mannose, Xylose, Inositol, Galactose, Mannitol, Glucose, Maltose, Creatinin and Dulcitol. Results and Discussion During present investigation, morphological, cultural, staining and chemical characteristics of various bacterial species of camel mastitis were recorded and presented in different tables.Bacillus cereusThe cells of the species were observed as straight rods with rounded ends, arranged singly or in chains and motile. Stained positively in young cultures and gram-negatively in old cultures. Colonies on blood agar were seen dull-white with undulated margin and pr
机译：从骆驼的乳脂样品中鉴定出八种不同的细菌。蜡状芽胞杆菌，蜡状棒状杆菌，大肠埃希氏菌，微球菌，溶血巴斯德氏菌，多杀巴斯德氏菌，铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。 。细菌种类在不同的培养基上产生了各种菌落。一些在琼脂培养基上呈球形，成群散布的散布菌落，而在肉汤中在研究过程中也见到有粉状沉淀的颗粒状浑浊。其中一些在琼脂中产生红细胞的α和β溶血作用。引言乳腺炎是全世界公认的最重要，最昂贵的奶牛疾病。巴基斯坦对主要牲畜疾病的现场调查表明，乳腺炎是该国最重要的健康危害之一（Ajmal，1990年）。乳腺炎是由与宿主，病原体和环境相关的各种因素相互作用引起的。诸如细菌，病毒，真菌和藻类之类的传染原大部分是疾病的主要原因。乳腺炎的病因非常复杂，因为已知许多微生物会引起乳房发炎。通常，公认的引起乳腺炎的生物是金黄色葡萄球菌，无乳链球菌，dysagalatiae链球菌，霍维斯链球菌，化脓性棒杆菌，金绿假单胞菌和大肠杆菌等（Radostits等，2000）。 Dewani（2000）描述了引起乳腺炎的细菌物种特征的生物形态学变化。此外，几位工人已经观察到全世界细菌物种的生物形态特征（Gabbar，1992; Bergey，1992; Khan＆Rind，2001）。因此，在下面的研究中，研究和描述了从物种的分离和鉴定中获得的生物形态特征，而与它们的生物形态和抗原特性无关。材料和方法将来自不同骆驼群的78个临床乳香牛奶样品收集在灭菌的比茹瓶中（完全包裹/用铝箔覆盖），并送往巴基斯坦信德省Tando Jam的中央兽医诊断实验室（CVDL）进行分离和鉴定细菌种类。在收集样品之前，用蘸有70％酒精的棉绒清洁奶嘴的尖端，并丢弃少量牛奶条，以尽可能避免污染。在处理样品之前，按照Gabbar（1992）的描述进行所有准备工作。准备了适当培养和接种细菌所需的培养基，并记录了Khan和Rind（2001）所采用的接种，鉴定特性（无论是物理的，文化的，生化的还是形态的），并进行了生化测试以确认鉴定细菌。为此目的，进行了氧化酶，过氧化氢酶，凝固酶，吲哚，Voges Proskauer，脲酶，甲基红，明胶液化，西蒙柠檬酸盐，H2S产生，阿斯古林水解和TSI乳头（Difco，1960年），同时为了糖的发酵特性，进行了九次如克鲁克香克（Cruickshank（1970））所述，制备了1％的不同糖，并用于每种细菌。所述糖为：甘露糖，木糖，肌醇，半乳糖，甘露醇，葡萄糖，麦芽糖，肌酐和肌醇。结果与讨论在本次调查中，记录了骆驼乳腺炎各种细菌物种的形态，文化，染色和化学特性，并在不同的表格中列出。蜡状芽孢杆菌观察到该物种的细胞为带有圆形末端的直杆，单个或成链排列和运动。在年轻文化中染色阳性，在旧文化中革兰氏染色阴性。血琼脂上的菌落呈暗白色，边缘起伏不一

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