Some Indices Of Trypanotolerance In Three Breeds Of Nigerian Goats That Differ In Susceptibility ToTrypanosomosis

Hussein Adam Kumshe; Ebenezer Babatunde Otesile; Adekayode Olarinwaju Sonibare; Albert Wulari Mbaya; Lanre Abdulganiyu Oladosu

摘要

A study aimed at identifying potential makers of trypanotolerance was conducted using three breeds of Nigerian goats that differ in susceptibility to animal trypanosomosis. Blood samples of 314 goats adjudged apparently healthy based on freedom from blood and intestinal parasites and a PCV of 25% or higher were used to asses some potential indices of trypanotolerance.The indices were measured using standard procedures, such as Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and complement levels via the classical (CH50) and alternative pathways (AP-CH50). The goats used in the study, consisted of 108 West African Dwarf (WAD), 108 Red Sokoto (RS) and 98 Borno White (BW) breeds of goats of both sexes. There was no significant (P>0.05) differences between PCV values in WAD (28.2%), RS (28.3%) and BW (29.2%) goats respectively. Similarly, there was no significant (P>0.05), difference between the Hb concentration in WAD (10.1g %), RS (9.7g %), and BW (10.2g %). Complement component C3 levels in WAD (133.2%), RS (107.7%) and BW (92.3%) were significantly (p<.05) different. In addition, CH50 levels in WAD (59.0 units), RS (57.4 units) and BW (43.1 units) were significantly (p<.05) different. No significant (P>0.05) difference was observed in the AP-CH50 levels in WAD (19.9 units), RS (21.8 units) and BW (20.3 units). The above results suggest that only the levels of C3 and CH50 are potential indices of trypanotolerance. Introduction A major constraint to selection for tolerance to trypanosomosis (trypanotolerance) in livestock for both within breed and cross- breeding programmes has been the absence of practical reliable makers of resistance or susceptibility (D’Leteren et al., 1998). In cattle, both natural and experimental studies have shown that certain breeds are more trypanotolerant than others (Murray et al., 1984; FAO, 1991). Many investigators have attributed this phenomenon of trypanotolerance to enhanced humoral immune response, control of anaemia and parasitaemia among other factors (Herbert, 1981; Murray and Urquhart, 1977; Musoke et al., 1981; Otesile and Tabel, 1987; Otesile, et al., 1991). However, there is dearth of information on related comparative studies in small ruminants in Nigeria and elsewhere, particularly on the humoral immune aspects (Haemolytic complement levels, complement C3 level etc). It is conceivable that differences occur among blood components such as PCV, Hb concentration and serum haemolytic complement levels in these animals that show different patterns of resistance or susceptibility to trypanosomosis. In order to investigate the phenomenon of trypanotolerance in goats, three apparently healthy breeds of Nigerian goats namely; West African Dwarf (WAD), Red Sokoto (RS) and Borno white (BW) goats were used for the study. Materials and Methods The WAD goats occur naturally in the southern forest zone of Nigeria, and are known to be trypanotolerant whereas; the RS and BW that occur in the northern part of the country are known to be trypanosusceptible (Mason 1988). The goats were adjudged healthy, based on freedom from gastrointestinal and haemoprotozoan parasites with a packed cell volume (PCV) of 25 percent or greater.AnimalsOut of the 410 goats sampled, 314 were between 1 - 1? years of age and of both sexes. They comprised of three phonetypically different breeds adjudged apparently healthy. The goats consisted of 108 WAD, 108 RS and 98 BW and were obtained from Ibadan, Oyo State and Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, from various household units and livestock markets. The ages of all the animals were determined using the rostral teeth development as described by Otesile and Obasaju (1981).Sample collection Blood samples were collected from the external jugular vein. 8mls of blood was collected from which 2mls was immediately dispensed into a Bijou bottle containing 100μl of 100nm of disodium ethylene diamine tetracetic acid (EDTA) solution as anticoagulant. The remaining 6mls of blood wa

机译：使用三种对动物锥虫病易感性不同的尼日利亚山羊品种进行了一项旨在确定潜在锥虫病产生者的研究。根据无血，无肠道寄生虫，PCV为25％或更高的情况，将314只山羊的血样判定为健康，用其PCV评估一些潜在的锥虫耐受指数，并使用标准程序（如包装细胞体积（PCV））进行测量，血红蛋白浓度（Hb）和补体水平通过经典途径（CH50）和替代途径（AP-CH50）。研究中使用的山羊包括108个西非矮人（WAD），108个Red Sokoto（RS）和98个Borno White（BW）两种性别的山羊。 WAD（28.2％），RS（28.3％）和BW（29.2％）山羊的PCV值之间无显着差异（P> 0.05）。同样，在WAD（10.1g％），RS（9.7g％）和BW（10.2g％）中的Hb浓度之间也没有显着差异（P> 0.05）。 WAD（133.2％），RS（107.7％）和BW（92.3％）中的补体成分C3水平差异显着（p <.05）。此外，WAD（59.0单位），RS（57.4单位）和BW（43.1单位）中的CH50水平显着不同（p <.05）。在WAD（19.9单位），RS（21.8单位）和BW（20.3单位）的AP-CH50水平上未观察到显着差异（P> 0.05）。以上结果表明，仅C3和CH50的水平是锥虫耐受性的潜在指标。简介在选育和交叉育种计划中，选择牲畜对锥虫病（锥虫病）的耐受性的主要限制因素是缺乏可靠的抗药性或敏感性的可靠制造者（D’Leteren等，1998）。在牛中，自然和实验研究均显示某些品种的锥虫耐受性比其他品种更高（Murray等，1984; FAO，1991）。许多研究者将锥虫耐受现象归因于体液免疫反应增强，控制贫血和寄生虫血症等其他因素（Herbert，1981; Murray和Urquhart，1977; Musoke等，1981; Otesile和Tabel，1987; Otesile等）（1991年）。但是，在尼日利亚和其他地方的小反刍动物中，缺乏相关比较研究的信息，尤其是在体液免疫方面（溶血补体水平，补体C3水平等）的信息较少。可以想象，在这些动物中，血液成分（例如PCV，Hb浓度和血清溶血补体水平）之间存在差异，表现出对锥虫病的耐药性或敏感性不同。为了研究山羊的锥虫耐受性现象，尼日利亚的三个看似健康的品种分别为：该研究使用了西非矮人（WAD），红索科托（RS）和博尔诺白（BW）山羊。材料和方法WAD山羊天然存在于尼日利亚南部的森林地区，已知具有锥虫耐受性，而在美国，山羊是耐锥虫的。在该国北部发生的RS和BW已知是锥虫病易感的（Mason 1988）。根据无胃肠道和血原虫寄生虫的情况，将山羊的健康状况判定为健康，其堆积细胞体积（PCV）为25％或更大。在410只山羊中，有314只在1-1之间？岁，男女皆宜。他们由三个明显不同的品种组成，这些品种被认为是健康的。这些山羊由108个WAD，108个RS和98 BW组成，分别从尼日利亚的伊巴丹州和尼日利亚博尔诺州的迈杜古里市从各个家庭和牲畜市场购得。按照Otesile和Obasaju（1981）的描述，使用唇齿发育来确定所有动物的年龄。样品采集从颈外静脉采集血液样品。收集8毫升血液，将2毫升血液立即分配到Bijou瓶中，该瓶装有100μl100 nm的乙二胺四乙酸二钠（EDTA）溶液作为抗凝剂。剩下的6毫升血液

Some Indices Of Trypanotolerance In Three Breeds Of Nigerian Goats That Differ In Susceptibility ToTrypanosomosis

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