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首页> 外文期刊>The Internet journal of veterinary medicine >Prevalence Of Gastrointestinal Parasites Of Sheep And Goats In And Around Bedelle, South-Western Ethiopia
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Prevalence Of Gastrointestinal Parasites Of Sheep And Goats In And Around Bedelle, South-Western Ethiopia

机译：埃塞俄比亚西南贝德勒及其周边地区绵羊和山羊胃肠道寄生虫的患病率

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摘要

A study on GIT parasites of small ruminants was conducted from November 2007 to May 2008 in and around Bedelle with the objectives to determine the major GIT parasites and their prevalence in sheep and goats. In this study, a total of 384 fecal samples (219 sheep and 165 goats) were collected for qualitative and quantitative fecal examinations and 43 post mortem examinations in butcher house (23 sheep and 20 goats) were performed. The study found that 200 (91.32%) sheep and 153 (93.29%) goats were found to harbor eggs of GIT helminthes. Amongst the post mortem examinations performed, 21 (91.30%) sheep and 19 (95%) goats were found to be infected with two or more of GIT helminth parasites. All species and age groups were infected with identical parasite species, but with different levels of infection. Eight genera of nematodes with prevalence of 67.5% Haemonchus species, 46.1% Trichuris species, 48.8% Trichostrongylus species, 48.8% Oesophagostomum species, 30.3% Bunostomum species, 25.6% Ostertagia species, and 20.9% Chabertia species and 16.3% Strongyloid in both species in sheep and goats. Similarly two types of Cestodes were recovered with prevalence of 24.8 % Monezia species and 39.5% Avetellina species. There was no significant difference (P >0.05) in the prevalence of GIT helminthosis between sexes, ages and species of animals. Out of 338 sheep and goats examined 10.95% were massively affected, 48.52% moderately affected and 40.53% were lightly affected. The study showed that GIT parasites are major problems of small ruminants in the study area. Therefore; comprehensive study on GIT parasites, cost effective strategic treatment and awareness creation to the farmers should be instituted in the study area. Introduction Sheep and goats are mainly found in arid and semi- arid areas of sub-Saharan Africa. They play a vital role in rural economies through the provision of meat, milk, household income, manure and skin. Compared to cattle and camels, sheep and goats contribute a larger proportion of readily available meat in the diets of pastoralists. They have been estimated to provide up to 30% of the meat and 15% of the milk supplies in sub-Saharan Africa where thrive in a wide range of ecological regions often in conditions too harsh for the beneficial rearing of cattle. Small ruminants have also been reported to survive better under drought conditions than cattle due to their low body mass and low metabolic requirements which in turn minimize their water requirements and maintenance needed in arid and semi-arid areas. The frequent droughts and large tsetse infected areas in sub-Saharan Africa requires more small ruminants in order to supplement cattle production (Wesongah et al., 2003).The estimated 25.01 million of sheep and 21.9 million of goats in Ethiopia (CSA, 2009) provide an important contribution to the national economy (Alemayehu et al., 1995). Although small ruminants represent a great resource for the nation, the productivity per animal is low. Small ruminant diseases, poor management and lesser efforts provided to improve the performance of the animals are to be responsible for the reduced productivity (Admosun, 1992). Stomach and intestinal worms occur in all species of animals. Young and malnourished animals of both sexes and lactating animals are most suitable to these parasites. Stomach worms affect specially camels, goats and sheep. Different types of worms are transmitted when an animal eats grass or drinks water contaminated with larva or eggs. The problem is especially common in the rainy season (IIRR, 1996). Even though, Ethiopia endowed with large number of sheep and goats population, little attempts has been made in the past to study the health aspect of these animals. Lack of well established data on the magnitude, distribution and predisposing factors of small ruminant GIT helminthes in the study area initiated this study project. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to identify the maj
机译：2007年11月至2008年5月，在Bedelle及其周围对小反刍动物的GIT寄生虫进行了研究，目的是确定绵羊和山羊的主要GIT寄生虫及其患病率。在这项研究中，总共收集了384份粪便样本（219绵羊和165山羊）以进行定性和定量粪便检查，并在肉店进行了43次验尸检查（23绵羊和20山羊）。研究发现，发现200只（91.32％）绵羊和153只（93.29％）山羊藏有GIT蠕虫卵。在进行的验尸检查中，发现21头（91.30％）绵羊和19头（95％）山羊感染了两种或两种以上的GIT蠕虫寄生虫。所有物种和年龄组均感染相同的寄生虫物种，但感染水平不同。八属线虫的患病率分别为67.5％的Haemonchus种类，46.1％的Trichuris种类，48.8％的铁线虫种类，48.8％的食管口气种类，30.3％的牛口气菌种类，25.6％的Ostertagia种类以及20.9％的Chabertia种类和16.3％的线虫种类绵羊和山羊。类似地，回收了两种类型的C科动物，患病率为24.8％的Monezia种和39.5％的Avetellina种。性别，年龄和动物物种之间的GIT蠕虫病患病率均无显着差异（P> 0.05）。在检查的338只绵羊和山羊中，有10.95％受到了严重影响，中度受到了48.52％的影响，轻度受到了40.53％的影响。研究表明，GIT寄生虫是研究区内小反刍动物的主要问题。因此;在研究区域内应开展对GIT寄生虫的综合研究，具有成本效益的战略治疗和对农民的意识建设。引言绵羊和山羊主要分布在撒哈拉以南非洲的干旱和半干旱地区。它们通过提供肉类，牛奶，家庭收入，肥料和皮肤在农村经济中发挥至关重要的作用。与牛和骆驼相比，绵羊和山羊在牧民的饮食中所占比例更高。据估计，在撒哈拉以南非洲，它们可提供多达30％的肉类和15％的牛奶供应，在撒哈拉以南非洲，这些生态区通常在恶劣的条件下for壮成长，以至于无法有利地饲养牛。据报道，小型反刍动物由于其低体重和低代谢需求而在干旱条件下比牛生存更好，这反过来又使它们在干旱和半干旱地区的需水量和维持所需的养分减至最少。撒哈拉以南非洲频繁发生的干旱和大量采采蝇感染地区需要更多的反刍动物以补充牛的产量（Wesongah等，2003）。埃塞俄比亚估计有2,501万只绵羊和2190万只山羊（CSA，2009年）为国民经济的发展做出重要贡献（Alemayehu等，1995）。尽管小反刍动物是该国的重要资源，但每只动物的生产力却很低。较小的反刍动物疾病，管理不善以及为改善动物性能而付出的较少努力是造成生产力下降的原因（Admosun，1992）。胃蠕虫和肠道蠕虫在所有动物物种中均会发生。两性和哺乳期的年轻和营养不良的动物最适合这些寄生虫。胃蠕虫特别影响骆驼，山羊和绵羊。当动物吃草或喝受幼虫或卵污染的水时，会传播不同类型的蠕虫。这个问题在雨季尤为普遍（IIRR，1996）。尽管埃塞俄比亚拥有大量的绵羊和山羊，但过去很少尝试研究这些动物的健康状况。在研究区内缺乏关于小型反刍类GIT蠕虫的数量，分布和诱发因素的可靠数据，因此启动了该研究项目。因此，这项研究的主要目标是确定主要

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