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首页> 外文期刊>The Lancet Planetary Health >Residential greenness and mortality in oldest-old women and men in China: a longitudinal cohort study
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Residential greenness and mortality in oldest-old women and men in China: a longitudinal cohort study

机译：一项纵向队列研究显示了中国高龄男女的居住区绿化和死亡率

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BackgroundExposure to natural vegetation, or greenness, might affect health through several pathways, including increased physical activity and social engagement, improved mental health, and reductions in exposure to air pollution, extreme temperatures, and noise. Few studies of the effects of greenness have focused on Asia, and, to the best of our knowledge, no study has assessed the effect on vulnerable oldest-old populations. We assessed the association between residential greenness and mortality in an older cohort in China.MethodsWe used five waves (February, 2000–October, 2014) of the China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), a prospective cohort representative of the general older population in China. We assessed exposure to greenness through satellite-derived Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values in the 250 m and 1250 m radius around the residential address for each individual included in the study. We calculated contemporaneous NDVI values, cumulative NDVI values, and changes in NDVI from the start of the study over time. The health outcome of the study was all-cause mortality, excluding accidental deaths. Mortality rate ratios were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, geographical region, childhood and adult socioeconomic status, social and leisure activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity.FindingsAmong 23?754 individuals (mean age at baseline 93 years [SD 7·5]) totaling 80?001 person-years, we observed 18?948 deaths during 14 years of follow-up, between June, 2000, and December, 2014. Individuals in the highest quartile of contemporaneous NDVI values had 27% lower mortality than those in the lowest quartile for the 250 m radius (hazard ratio [HR] 0·73, 95% CI 0·70–0·76), and 30% lower mortality for the 1250 m radius (0·70, 0·67–0·74). No clear association was observed for cumulative NDVI measurements and mortality. We did not detect an association between area-level changes in NDVI and mortality.InterpretationOur research suggests that proximity to more green space is associated with increased longevity, which has policy implications for the national blueprint of ecological civilisation and preparation for an ageing society in China.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation, US National Institute on Aging, US National Institute of Health, Natural Science Foundation of China, UN Population Fund, China Social Sciences Foundation, and Hong Kong Research Grants Council.
机译：背景暴露于自然植被或绿色环境可能通过多种途径影响健康，包括增加体育活动和社会参与，改善心理健康以及减少空气污染，极端温度和噪音的暴露。关于绿色影响的研究很少集中在亚洲，据我们所知，没有研究评估对脆弱的最老人口的影响。我们使用中国纵向健康寿命调查（CLHLS）的五次波次（2000年2月至2014年10月），该研究代表了中国老年人群的居住绿色与死亡率之间的关系。中国。我们通过研究得出的每个人的居住地址周围250 m和1250 m半径范围内的卫星衍生归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）值评估了绿色暴露。自研究开始以来，我们计算了同期NDVI值，累积NDVI值以及NDVI的变化。该研究的健康结果是全因死亡率，不包括意外死亡。死亡率比率采用Cox比例风险模型估算，并根据年龄，性别，种族，婚姻状况，地理区域，儿童和成人的社会经济状况，社交和休闲活动，吸烟状况，饮酒量和体育活动进行了调整。发现结果23？754个体（平均年龄93岁，平均年龄[SD 7·5]）总计80？001人年，我们在2000年6月至2014年12月的14年随访期间观察到18 948例死亡。在250 m半径内，同时期NDVI值最高的四分位数的死亡率比最低四分位数的死亡率低27％（危险比[HR] 0·73，95％CI 0·70-0·76），而NDVI值的死亡率低30％半径1250 m（0·70，0·67-0·74）。没有观察到累积NDVI测量值和死亡率的明确关联。我们没有发现NDVI的区域水平变化与死亡率之间的关联。解释我们的研究表明，接近更多的绿色空间会延长寿命，这对国家生态文明蓝图和中国老龄化社会的准备有政策意义。基金会，美国国立衰老研究所，美国国立卫生研究院，中国自然科学基金会，联合国人口基金，中国社会科学基金会和香港研究资助局。

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