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Exercise for the Treatment of Depression

机译：运动治疗抑郁症

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Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep and/or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. Depression is a widespread and often chronic condition. Lifetime prevalence estimates for major depressive disorder are approximately 15% to 20%; 1-year prevalence estimates are 5% to 10%. Moreover, depression is characterized by high rates of relapse: 22% to 50% of patients suffer recurrent episodes within 6 months after recovery. Depression is associated with a high incidence of co-morbid somatic illness. Individuals suffering from major depression run a higher relative risk of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis compared with the general population. In general, depressed individuals exhibit a less active life-style and have a reduced cardio-respiratory fitness in comparison with the general population. Strong evidence demonstrates that lack of physical activity is associated with an unhealthier body mass and composition, and a biomarker risk profile for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis. A growing body of evidence suggests that exercise is an effective treatment for depression. For mild to moderate depression the effect of exercise may be comparable to antidepressant medication and psychotherapy; for severe depression exercise seems to be a valuable complementary therapy to the traditional treatments. Exercise training not only improves depression, but also produces ‘positive side effects’ on depression associated physical diseases and cognitive decline.
机译：抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍，表现为情绪低落，兴趣或愉悦感丧失，内or感或自我价值感低下，睡眠和/或食欲不振，精力不足和注意力不集中。抑郁症是一种普遍存在的慢性疾病。重度抑郁症的终生患病率估计约为15％至20％; 1年流行率估计为5％到10％。此外，抑郁症的特征在于高复发率：22％至50％的患者在康复后6个月内复发发作。抑郁症与并存的躯体疾病高发有关。与一般人群相比，患有严重抑郁症的人患冠心病，2型糖尿病和骨质疏松症的相对风险更高。通常，与普通人群相比，抑郁的人表现出较不活跃的生活方式，并且其心肺适应性降低。有力的证据表明，缺乏体育锻炼与不健康的体重和成分，心血管疾病，2型糖尿病和骨质疏松症的生物标志物风险特征有关。越来越多的证据表明，运动是治疗抑郁症的有效方法。对于轻度至中度抑郁症，运动的效果可能与抗抑郁药和心理疗法相当;重度抑郁运动似乎是传统疗法的一种有价值的补充疗法。运动训练不仅可以改善抑郁症，还可以对与抑郁症有关的身体疾病和认知能力下降产生“积极的副作用”。

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