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Precise Vehicle Location as a Fundamental Parameter for Intelligent Self-aware Rail-track Maintenance Systems

机译：精确的车辆位置是智能自觉式轨道维护系统的基本参数

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The rail industry in the UK is undergoing substantial changes in response to a modernisation vision for 2040. Development and implementation of these will lead to a highly automated and safe railway. Real-time regulation of traffic will optimise the performance of the network, with trains running in succession within an adjacent movable safety zone. Critically, maintenance will use intelligent trainborne and track-based systems. These will provide accurate and timely information for condition based intervention at precise track locations, reducing possession downtime and minimising the presence of workers in operating railways. Clearly, precise knowledge of trains’ real-time location is of paramount importance.The positional accuracy demand of the future railway is less than 2m. A critical consideration of this requirement is the capability to resolve train occupancy in adjacent tracks, with the highest degree of confidence. A finer resolution is required for locating faults such as damage or missing parts, precisely.Location of trains currently relies on track signalling technology. However, these systems mostly provide an indication of the presence of trains within discrete track sections. The standard Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), cannot precisely and reliably resolve location as required either.Within the context of the needs of the future railway, state of the art location technologies and systems were reviewed and critiqued. It was found that no current technology is able to resolve location as required. Uncertainty is a significant factor. A new integrated approach employing complimentary technologies and more efficient data fusion process, can potentially offer a more accurate and robust solution. Data fusion architectures enabling intelligent self-aware rail-track maintenance systems are proposed.
机译：为了响应2040年的现代化构想，英国的铁路行业正在发生重大变化。这些开发和实施将导致高度自动化和安全的铁路。流量的实时调节将优化网络的性能，火车在相邻的可移动安全区内连续运行。至关重要的是，维护将使用智能火车和基于轨道的系统。这些将提供准确，及时的信息，以便在精确的轨道位置进行基于条件的干预，从而减少拥有时间，并最大程度地减少铁路运营中工人的人数。显然，准确了解火车的实时位置至关重要。未来铁路的位置精度要求不到2m。对此要求的关键考虑因素是能够以最高的置信度解决相邻轨道上的火车占用问题。精确地定位故障（例如损坏或零件丢失）需要更高的分辨率。火车的位置目前依赖于轨道信号技术。然而，这些系统大多提供离散轨道部分中列车的存在的指示。标准的全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）也无法准确，可靠地解决所需的位置。在未来铁路的需求范围内，对先进的定位技术和系统进行了审查和审查。发现当前没有技术能够根据需要解析位置。不确定性是一个重要因素。采用互补技术和更高效的数据融合过程的新的集成方法可能会提供更准确，更可靠的解决方案。提出了能够实现智能的自我意识铁路维护系统的数据融合架构。

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