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Design criteria for grinding machine dynamic stability

机译：磨床动态稳定性设计标准

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Surface grinding is one of the oldest and most widely used machining process: to date, there are still few alternatives available for producing smooth and flat surfaces, satisfying both technical and economic constraints. The quality of a workpiece resulting from a grinding process is strongly influenced by the static and dynamic behavior of the mechanical system, composed by machine tool, wheel, fixture and workpiece. In particular, the dynamic compliance of the machine at wheel-workpiece interface may cause vibrations leading to poor surface quality. Starting from the analysis of process-machine interaction according to self-excited vibrations theories (the most relevant), this paper outlines a path for surface grinding machines design, focused on the identification of the most critical dynamic eigenmodes both in terms of dynamical parameters and geometry (vibration direction). The methodology is based on the application of Nyquist stability criterion for MIMO systems. Firstly, the methodology distinguishes between a limitation mainly ascribable to regenerative chatter and one ascribable to closed-loop eigenmodes properties. In this latter case, it will be shown that stability properties are strongly influenced by the shape and orientation of the elliptical movement of the wheel entailed by the limiting eigenmode (that, in general, is complex). Such an analysis can be also exploited to provide some indications guiding machine structural modifications. Finally, the approach is demonstrated on a couple of grinding machine variants via FE modeling.
机译：表面磨削是最古老且使用最广泛的机加工工艺之一：迄今为止，满足技术和经济限制的光滑表面和平坦表面的替代方案仍然很少。磨削过程产生的工件质量在很大程度上受机械系统的静态和动态行为的影响，该机械系统由机床，砂轮，夹具和工件组成。尤其是，机器在轮毂接口处的动态顺应性可能会导致振动，从而导致不良的表面质量。从根据自激振动理论（最相关）对过程-机器相互作用进行分析开始，本文概述了平面磨床的设计路径，着重于从动力学参数和参数方面识别最关键的动态本征模式。几何形状（振动方向）。该方法基于奈奎斯特稳定性标准在MIMO系统中的应用。首先，该方法区分了主要归因于再生颤动的限制和归因于闭环本征模性质的限制。在后一种情况下，将显示出，稳定特性受极限本征模态（通常是复杂的）所引起的车轮椭圆运动的形状和方向的强烈影响。还可以利用这种分析来提供一些指导机器结构修改的指示。最后，通过有限元建模在几种磨床变型上演示了该方法。

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