Background. Tuberculosis causes inflammation and muscle wasting. We investigated how attenuation of inflammation relates to repletion of body composition during treatment in an underserved population.Design. Twenty-four patients (23 to 79 years old) with pulmonary tuberculosis and inflammation (pretreatment albumin=2.96±0.13 g/dL, C-reactive protein [CRP]=6.71±1.34 μg/dL, and beta-2-microglobulin=1.68±0.10 μg/L) were evaluated and had BIA over 24 weeks.Results. Weight increased by3.02±0.81 kg (5.5%;P=0.007) at week 4 and by8.59±0.97 kg (15.6%;P<0.0001) at week 24. Repletion of body mass was primarily fat, which increased by2.09±0.52 kg at week 4 and5.05±0.56 kg at week 24 (P=0.004andP<0.0001versus baseline). Fat-free mass (FFM), body cell mass (BCM), and phase angle did not increase until study week 8. Albumin rose to3.65±0.14 g/dL by week 4 (P<0.001) and slowly increased thereafter. CRP levels declined by~50% at each interval visit.Conclusions. During the initial treatment, acute phase reactants returned towards normal. The predominant accrual of fat mass probably reflects ongoing, low levels of inflammation.
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