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首页> 外文期刊>Water >Stimulating Learning through Policy Experimentation: A Multi-Case Analysis of How Design Influences Policy Learning Outcomes in Experiments for Climate Adaptation
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Stimulating Learning through Policy Experimentation: A Multi-Case Analysis of How Design Influences Policy Learning Outcomes in Experiments for Climate Adaptation

机译：通过政策实验刺激学习：设计如何影响气候适应实验中政策学习成果的多案例分析

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摘要

Learning from policy experimentation is a promising way to approach the “wicked problem” of climate adaptation, which is characterised by knowledge gaps and contested understandings of future risk. However, although the role of learning in shaping public policy is well understood, and experiments are expected to facilitate learning, little is known about how experiments produce learning, what types of learning, and how they can be designed to enhance learning effects. Using quantitative research methods, we explore how design choices influence the learning experiences of 173 participants in 18 policy experiments conducted in the Netherlands between 1997 and 2016. The experiments are divided into three “ideal types” that are expected to produce different levels and types of learning. The findings show that policy experiments produce cognitive and relational learning effects, but less normative learning, and experiment design influenced three of six measured dimensions of learning, especially the cognitive learning dimensions. This reveals a trade-off between designing for knowledge development and designing for normative or relational changes; choices that experiment designers should make in the context of their adaptation problem. Our findings also show the role leadership plays in building trust.
机译：从政策试验中学习是解决气候适应“邪恶问题”的一种有前途的方式，其特征是知识差距和对未来风险的有争议的理解。但是，尽管人们已经很好地了解了学习在塑造公共政策中的作用，并且期望通过实验来促进学习，但是人们对实验如何产生学习，什么类型的学习以及如何设计它们以增强学习效果知之甚少。使用定量研究方法，我们探讨了设计选择如何影响1997年至2016年在荷兰进行的18个政策实验中的173名参与者的学习经验。实验分为三种“理想类型”，它们有望产生不同的水平和类型。学习。研究结果表明，政策实验产生认知和关系学习效果，但规范性学习效果较差，实验设计影响了六个测得的学习维度中的三个，尤其是认知学习维度。这揭示了在知识开发设计与规范或关系变更设计之间的权衡;实验设计者应在适应问题的范围内做出选择。我们的研究结果还显示了领导者在建立信任中的作用。

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